[[Don]]a Rosenda Mendoza Tanchanco was the wife of [[Capitan Tomas Tanchanco]]. Her leadership in the [[Tanchanco Family]] exemplifies another type of involvement important to the reform movement and the independence of the Philippines from tyranny of the colonizers and oppression of the religious friars that fuelled the reformists, illustrados, revolutionaries and affluent mestizo-sangley families of Malolos in the Revolution.

Mrs. Tanchanco was acclaimed as an opulent Filipino matron by the United States of America 41st Secretary of State, Congressman and Presidential Candidate William Jennings Bryan in his self written autobiographical book entitled "The Old World and Its Ways" published in 1907.

Her gracious love and support for independence and liberty has been recorded in historical archives and mentioned by respected historians. The interactions of Mrs. Tanchanco with national hero Jose Rizal was mentioned in the book Rizal's Life , Works and Writings by Diosdado Capino, Minerva Gonzales and Filipinos Pineda published in 1977. Nationalist Pino Centeno recognised her as a great patriot and mentioned her together with Jose Burgos, Jacinto Zamora, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Ponciano Tiongson and Basilia Tantoco.

[[Image: Dona_Rosenda_Tanchanco.jpg]]

==Lineage==

Rosenda was from Manila. She married Tomas Tanchanco, a wealthy land owner and business owner from Malolos in 1848.

According to historical accounts Rosenda in her youth was already beautiful, rich, sophisticated and self confident. She spoke Spanish fluently and was known to be a gracious hostess, so that most dignitaries visiting Malolos whether Spanish or local made it a point to call on or stay in their Tanchanco house.

In 1888, a visit by [[Jose Rizal ]]to the popular [[Tanchanco Family]] / Tanchangco [[Bahay na Bato]] inflamed and announced his involvement with the reform movement. Tomas was a fearless reformist and brought up his children to the ideals of freedom and democracy. "Rizal's Life, Work and Writings by Capino, Gonzales and Pineda published in 1977 notes of Jose P. Rizal congratulating Tomas and Senday during a party at the Tanchanco house.

Marcelo H del Pilar also mentions Tomas Tanchanco and the Tanchanco house in his Epistolario volume 1 page 8 (Epistolary means collected letters) archived by the Republic of the Philippines.

After [[Capitan Tomas Tanchanco]] passed on 1889, Rosenda "Senday" Tanchanco continued to host important political meetings for Malolos reformists, illustrates, dignitaries and activists in the guise of social gatherings and parties in the Tanchanco house. The family's grace, good will and fervent love for truth, light, country, life and freedom were passed on to the Tanchanco Tanchangco children and the family. Two of their daughters [[Dona Eugenia Mendoza Tanchanco]] and [[Dona Aurea Mendoza Tanchanco]] belong to the historical "Brave [[Women of Malolos]]" that Jose Rizal acclaimed for their gracious bravery and Marcelo del Pilar recognised as children of [[Maginoo]].

Don Tomas Tanchanco and the Tanchanco House was portrayed in the empowerment musical docu-drama film "Women of Malolos" [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/10/12/14/women-malolos-empowering-musical-drama]

==Tanchanco Bahay na Bato==

The Tanchanco Bahay na Bato has been written in history as one of the centers in the Philippines Independence campaign. The house is notable in hosting the [[illustrados]], foreign leaders and dignitaries pre and post revolutionary government. The democratic politician (41st Secretary of State, Congressman and 3 time US Presidential Candidate) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan "William Jennings Bryan"] wrote about his good times at the opulent Tanchanco house in his book [http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=37EpM1kdJ0sC&pg=PA168&lpg=PA168&dq=tanchanco+1+world&source=bl&ots=rOVGzbXW1Y&sig=tyVGsiSrv64c6V70XEXbijd3T14&hl=en&ei=Fc7jTNzWOouPcaCQ1fcL&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CDgQ6AEwCTjwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false "The Old World and Its Ways]

The Tanchanco house had notable parties that hosted with national hero of the Philippines Jose Rizal. It was featured in the docu-musical film "Women of Malolos" directed by the Dalena Sisters. [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/10/12/14/women-malolos-empowering-musical-drama "Women of Malolos" is a film about the brave young women from the Tanchanco, Tantoco, Reyes, Tiongson and Uitangcoy family who succesfuly for education and empowerment suing their grace"]. According to Marcelo H. Del Pilar, the young women of Malolos belonged to the select class of the town, respected for their good reputation and daughters of maginoo (in Del Pilar’s letter of 17 February). The Women of Malolos was the first successful women empowerment movement. They were the acclaimed Filipino women that Jose Rizal wrote his famous letter to. They successfully fought for their right to education and women's rights.

[[Image: TanchancoHouseDonTomas.jpg |frame|center| Scene from the docu-musical film "Women of Malolos" produced by WOMFI led by award winning journalist Cheche Lazaro, historian Nicanor Tiongson and Amb. Bienvenido Tantoco, WOMFI President Bong Enriquez. Karl Medina plays Jose Rizal who is speaking to Gobernadorcillo Tomas Tanchanco at a party in the Tanchanco House. The film also stars Hazel Faith dela Cruz who is at the background playing Basilia Tantoco]]

Excerpts from Jose Rizal's letter to the Women of Malolos:

"When I wrote the Noli me tangere I pondered long on whether or not courage was a common virtue of the young women of the country..... It is true that many were endowed with sweet disposition, beautiful habits, gentle manners, modesty but withal were mingled complete deference and obedience to every work and request of the so-called fathers of the soul – as if the soul had any other father but God – due to excessive goodness, humility, or perhaps ignorance. They are like withered plants, sowed and grown in darkness. Though they may bloom, their flowers are without fragrance; though they may bear fruit, their fruit has no juice. However, now that news arrived here of what occurred in your town Malolos. I realized that I was wrong, and my joy was beyond bounds....

"Now that you have responded to our vehement clamor for public welfare; now that you have shown a good example to you fellow young women who, like you, desire to have their eyes opened and to be lifted from their prostration, our hope is roused, now we are confident of victory. The Filipino woman no longer bows her head and bends her knees; her hope in the future is revived; gone is the mother who helps to keep her daughter in the dark, who educates her in self-contempt and moral annihilation. It is no longer the highest wisdom to bow the head to every unjust order, the highest goodness to smile at an insult, to seek solace in humble tear. You have found out that God’s command is different from that of the priest, that piety does not consist in prolonged kneeling, long prayers, large rosaries, soiled scapulars, but in good conduct, clean conscience and right thinking. You have discovered that it is not goodness to be too obedient to every desire and request of those who pose as little gods, but to obey what is reasonable and just, because blind obedience is the origin of crooked orders and in this case both parties sin. The head of the priest cannot say that he alone will be responsible for the wrong order because God gave each one his own mind and his own conscience so that he can distinguish between right and wrong. All are born without chains, free and no one can subject the will and spirit of another." (Excerpts from the famous letter of National Hero of the Philippines Jose Rizal to the Women of Malolos written in London, 22 February 1889.)



The location of the old Tanchanco house in Malolos has been marked by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) and the City of Malolos with historical markers.

[[Image: TanchancoHouse.jpg |frame|center| The Tanchanco House was a popular Bahay na Bato. It was the home of Don Tomas Tanchanco Gobernadorcillo of Malolos in 1879, Juez de Paz 1887-1889. Tomas Tantoco Tanchanco who was married to Rosenda Mendoza Tanchanco was the reformist father of the 2 Tanchanco sisters who were part of the famous Women of Malolos. According to National Historical Comission of the Philippines, the Tanchanco house was a centre of the reform movements secret meetings disguised as parties. The parties were attended by the illustrados, local officials, prominent families and foreign dignitaries. Jose Burgos visit the house in 1869. Tanchanco's hosted a party with guest Jose Rizal twice in 1888 and 1892. Other leaders such as Governor General Weyler, President Emilio Aguinaldo and US Secretary of State Defendant of Liberty William Jennings Bryan were guests in the house. ]]

The self written autobiography of 41st Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan and Presidential Candidate which was published in 1907, talks about the his visit to the Philippines and his time in the Tanchanco House:

Excerpts from the "Old World and Its Ways" :

His address dwelt chiefly on two thoughts, the first being that there is a tie which binds all mankind together, that tie being knit up with the human heart, and the second being what constitutes civilization and how it may be attained. The following report is taken from the Manila Tinier of December 28: "Independence the Soonest Possible."
"Malolos Obliged." "Mr. Bryan, the Hope of Our Nationality." "W. J. Bryan, Defendant of Our Liberty." Such were the legends mounted ujaon the arches under which William Jennings Bryan passed from the railroad station to Malolos on the occasion of his provincial excursion j^esterday. The trip was made by the famous democrat, in company with his wife and children, as guests of Mr. Higgins. The private car of Mr. Higgins and an extra coach took the partjr first to Gapan, where it arrived about 9:30 a. m., after having stopped at several of the stations en route, Avhere Bryan made short addresses to the delegations, which were in attendance at the stations Avith bands of music and banners flying to greet him.

At Malolos, the seat of the former revolutionary government and tile center of operations of the prime movers in the "independencia"
campaign, luncheon was had at the home of MRS. TANCHANCO, an opulent Filipino matron.

After the luncheon was over Teodoro Sandico
rose to introduce Sr. De Luce, who addressed the following words to the assembled guests : "I salute the real champion of a democratic people, the true de-
fender of the rights of the people ; he who at Kansas City included in his platform the independence of the Philippine Islands. I am sorry tluit his presence in Malolos, once the capital of a Filipino republic, is so short. So deep-rooted is the desire for independence in the Filipino people that the news of the arrival of this champion has brought
to Malolos many from all about, only to greet their savior. Such spontaneous manifestations by all grades of people will, I believe, convince you that we desire our independence at once. It will show you that we have a right to nationality, that we have everything that is necessary to support a government of our own. If the government will give us this independence it will show it is the champion of liberty. (Page 168, "Old World and Its Ways" by William Jennings Bryan published 1907)

[[image: OldWorldTanchanco.jpg | frame | center | "The Old World and Its Ways" is an autobiography written by the 41st Secretary of State of the United States of America and Presidential Candidate William Jennings Bryan. It was published in 1907. Page 168 talks about Bryan's visit to the Tanchanco House in Malolos.]]


==The Gracious Hostess of the Tanchanco House==

Nicanor Tiongson's "Women of Malolos" published by Ateneo de Manila University Press describes the The Tanchanco house beside the bridge and fronting the main plaza being huge and grand. It had a room furnished in red for visiting diplomats, dignitaries, royals and family friends both local and foreign.

According to historical accounts the majestic Bahay na Bato had a large number of chairs and tables for regular parties. It also had luxury dining interiors with crockery and flatware, and silver plaiters for the grand parties Rosenda used to host.

It has been recorded in history that Rosenda Tanchanco and her husband were generous donors to causes of the State and philanthropic activities.


==Prime Mover of the Reform Movement==

Perhaps partly because of their Manila connections, Rosenda and her husband Tomas were progressive with liberal views that support freedom and humanity. In 1869 Jose Burgos came to stand as godfather at the baptism of their firstborn, Francisco who studied in Madrid.

Numerous historical records and books have recorded that in May 1888, Rizal attended another baptism in her home. During the campaign for reforms, Rosenda and Tomas hosts many parties which served as a cover to meetings involving the anti-friar activists of Malolos. These parties the Women of Malolos attended in full force as a barkada.

On June 26, 1892, Rizal once again visited Rosenda and congratulated her and two of her daughters Eugenia and Aurea Tanchanco for being part of the Women of Malolos. During his visit he also met with Antonio Chiong, Quintin Reyes, Jose Bautista, Manuel Crisostomo and Vicente Gatmaytan some of which were former gobernadorcillos, and talked about about the [[La Liga Filipina]]. Rizal also requested Rosenda to extend his greetings to Maestra Guadalupe Reyes.


==A Protective Mother of the Philippine Revolution==

During the 1869 Revolution, the forty seven years old Rosenda, by then already seven years a widow, (Don Tomas Tanchanco passed in 1889), gave out generous contributions of rice, other foods and money to the revolutionaries in Bulacan.

The popular Tanchanco house then became "a nerve center of the Revolution" because crucial information about the movement of revolutionary troops and of battalions were relayed to this house for the guidance of Filipino revolutionaries.

Historical accounts state that classified intelligence was centralised in the Tanchanco House, such as the exact location of the troops of Isidro Torres, Gregorio del Pilar or Felipe Estrella and many others.

In the 1880s, and because of her active participation in the anti-friar campaign that aimed to protect Filipinos from the abuses created by religious fraud, slavery and corruption of the colonisers most especially the religious priests and Friars, the Guardia Civiil would come to question her on her parties and the frequent get-togethers of suspected persons in her house. She was quick to answer that they were friends of her husband Tomas Tanchanco and they were talking about municipal government matters, many of them being connected one way or the other with the tribunal.

When her husband was serving as Gobernadorcillo 1879 and Juez de Paz (1887-1889), she would say that the tribunal closed early so the municipales had to extend their meeting at her house.

It was also recorded that she was one of those targeted by the Spanish colonisers and slave drivers for exile in 1890s. But whenever the Guardia Civil came to interrogate her, she would face them head on and ask them" "What have I done?" "What do you accuse me of"" "Where is your evidence?" And because they were wary to touch someone who had high connections, they would let her go.


==Patriot of Malolos==

In the 1920s the staunch nationalist Pio Centeno mentioned her name in the league of the most renowned patriots of Malolos, such as Marcelo H. del Pilar and the exiles of 1895.


==Mestizo de Sangley==
During the Spanish colonial era prominent [[Sangley]] Chinese names were Hispanicized by [[concatenation]], in the case of the Tanchanco /Tanchangco family name. The [[Tanchanco Family]] ancestry come from prominent Chinese traders who were in business with Philippines, Spain, America and Europe.

Mestizo de sangley was used to refer to a person of mixed Chinese and Malayo-Polynesian ancestry. Sangley mestizo was a term widely used in the 16th to 19th-century Spanish Philippines to differentiate ethnic Chinese from other types of island mestizos (such as those of mixed Indio and Spanish ancestry, who were much fewer in number.) The Chinese mestizos were granted the legal status of colonial subjects of Spain, with certain rights and privileges denied both the pure-blooded Chinese immigrants (sangleys) and indigenous persons (indios).

Sangley comes from the Hokkien Chinese word seng-di (traditional Chinese: 生理; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-lí), meaning "business". Although mestizo de sangley literally means "mixed-race (person) of business", its implicit meaning is "mixed-race (person) of Chinese descent", because many early Chinese immigrants were traders.

Many prominent mestizo de sangley families such as the Tanchanco family belonging to the landlord class acquired vast landholdings during this period. As landholders, the mestizo sangleys acquired more power than they have in their economic role as colonial merchants of the Spanish Colonial Period.

In 1850, John Bowring stated that he "found nowhere among the natives a people so industrious, so persevering, so economic, and generally, so prosperous." Bowring lauded the mestizos, saying they were "more active and enterprising", more prudent and persevering, more devoted to trade and commerce ... Because they are often wealthy, the mestizos (de sangley) exercised "great influence" ...

==Principalia==

The Principalía or noble class was the educated upper class in the towns of colonial Philippines, The distinction or status of being part of the Principalía could be both acquired or inherited as attested by the Royal Decree of December 20, 1863 (signed in the name of Queen Isabel II of Spain by the Minister of the Colonies, José de la Concha).

This distinguished upper class was exempted from forced labor during the colonial period. It was the town’s aristocracy, which could be roughly comparable to the Patrician class of Ancient Rome or of the Italian city-states and towns. The members of this class enjoyed exclusive privileges:only the members of the Principalía were allowed to vote, be elected to public office, and be addressed by the title: Don or Doña.


==Illustrados and Malolos==
The enlightened and educated young ilustrados/illuminatus of [[Malolos]] and Manila, having had lineage of ancient chinese wisdom, european education, initiation, thoughts and political views, began to question the Philippines situation. These reformists, began to expose the weaknesses of the status and to give voice to the need for reform. In Malolos, [[Marcelo H. del Plar]], whose wife Marciana was from Malolos, made the town a principal reformist and propaganda target. Malolos by 1882 became known as a center of anti-Spanish propaganda. Things came to a head in 1884, when a liberal, Manuel Crisostomo, was elected a gobernadorcillo. Led by him, a group of town leaders, including past, present a future town alcaldes, collided head-on with the town's friar curate on the list of taxpayers. The curate wanted to bloat the list, a move meant for the parish's financial gain. In 1888, during a deadly cholera epidemic, the group again clashed with the friars. To limit the spread of the epidemic, the civil government had issued a ban against church wakes for cholera victims. The church defied the ban, purportedly because of the fees which the church earned from these wakes. The town leaders took the side of the civil authorities. The situation was further inflamed with the visit of Jose Rizal in 1888 to the house of [[Capitan Tomas Tanchanco]], former [[gobernadorcillo]] and member of the enlightened reformist group. Among the [[gobernadorcillos]] in the group were Jose A. Bautista, Jose and Antonio Tiongson, Mateo Buizon, Anastacio de Leon, Vicente Gatmaitan, Francisco Bernardo, Antonio Chiong and Jose R. Tiongson.

In Malolos,, the ideology of liberalism became most real and palpable when the Jose Apolinario Burgos, then already famous as the champion of secularisation , came to Malolos in 1869 to stand as godfather to Francisco, the oldest child of Tomas Tanchanco and Rosenda Mendoza. While in Malolos, Burgos was forbidden from saying mass in the church of Malolos by the friar curate Exequiel Merino to censure him for his liberal ideas. This prohibition , the subsequent execution in 1872 of Father Burgos, Gomez and Zamora (a mestizo espanol, an indio and mestizo de Sangley respectively) ... And the criminal abuse of the Friars who extorted, raped and plundered the resources, time, energy, money, souls, lives of the people of the Philippines thru religious fraud, slavery, bribery and corruption fuelled actions for reform.

This new consciousness, which represented the indigenisation of the ideology of liberalism or its adaptation to local conditions, was called Filipino nationalism. It was this ideology which bounded many residents of the Philippines -whether native, mestizo de sangley, mestizo Espanol - against the foreign overlords, religious scammers and fraudulent corrupt leaders that did not respect them as individuals with rights while they imposed psychological warfare, psycho-emotional abuses, belittlement of net worths, bribery of criminals against good governing people, mass murder of families, larceny of grace, economic sabotage, deceptive propaganda against productivity and respecting net worth of the free market, war mongering, plunder, and many more crimes against humanity. It was this ideology that provided the initial premise and framework of the major political activities of the mestizos and native reformists of Malolos in the 1880s and 1890s.

==Anti Friar Movement==

In Malolos, as in many other towns of the country, the principal violator of human rights was the friar curate, who for centuries had exercise absolute control of all religious, social and political activities in the town and suppress education and entrepreneurial activities thru crimes of extortion, larceny, bribery and many more. It is not surprising that therefore that the major efforts of the reform movement in the town were focused on exposing and challenging the abusive actions of the friar, on eroding the prestige and credibility of the parish priest and on liberating the people from all fraudulent religious influence.

The suppression of education and the imposition of fraudulent religious dogma was a way for Spanish slave drivers to manipulate and deceive the local inhabitants. The scions of the upper class had the opportunity to be educated but they were limited to what the Friars would deem safe and controllable. Infact the Friars who tried to comply with educational rights made sure that those that were given the opportunity to be educated were bombarded with Catholic doctrines and fraudulent religious dogmas that implant good governing people with super impositions of suffering, sin, fraudulent heavens, breaking the wills and souls of their victims thru a facade of spiritual values cloaked in actions of ill will and corruption to promote fear of God and God's chosen religious masters of the soul. The religious leaders would install psychological warfare programming thru sacrificial traditions that imposed novenas and consciousness traps which included corrupt demiurges, brainwashing prayers and religious rituals of sacrifice and belittlement of life, pleasure, productivity and sexuality.

In 1863, spanish laws from the Queen of Spain have been passed to make education widely available to the locals but religious leaders and corrupt Friars interfered. The corrupt Friars were plundering resources and knew that education would open the eyes of their local slaves. So the friar curate used their religious impositions and fraudulent rites to cloak their hidden agenda to deceive the locals with a facade of goodness but larcenously stole resources and information from the local inhabitants.
The friars also served as intelligence officers that would use the sacrament of confession rites to check into the loyalty and the personal, social or business affairs of the local inhabitants. They would use the information that they would get to blackmail locals and bribe criminals to do dirty jobs for them or to give them their gold, silver, money, bodies and products. They would also promote forced labor, forced tithe taxes, psychological entrapments to extort the resources and money that the locals earned thru hard work. Many prominent local leaders and gobernadorcillos did not like the slavery and abuse that the Spanish colonisers and Religious friars were doing to the local populace.

The propaganda work of Marcelo Del Pilar and the reformists of Malolos were directly affected by the March 1 , 1888 demonstration of the gobernadorcillos of Manila's arrabales, who walked in procession from Santa Cruz to Intramural to present a petition, addressed to Governor-General Emilio Terroro, to civil Governor Jose Centeno. Signed by 700 principles and residents of Manila, the letter asked for the expulsion of the friars, including the Archbishop Pedro Pelayo, whom they accused disloyalty to the crown and disobedience to the secular authorities of the King.

Because of this demonstration led by Del Pilar's associates Doroteo Cortes and Jose A. Ramos, civil Governor Centeno lost his job and Governor General Terrero was replaced by acting Governor General Antonio Molto, who immediately restored the privileges of the friars.
Del Pilar was informed of his arrest and exile for his activities with the Malolos reformists. So on October 30, 1888. He sent a plethora of new publications. The first batch of these were librettos (measuring 7x 11 cm.), the size of novenas, published in Barcelona in early 1889. One such libretto was Dasalan at Tocsohan, written with Rafael Enriquez and Pedro Serrano on the day before Del Pilar's departure for Spain. The dasalan part parodies the most common Christian prayers (the Sign of the Cross, Our Father, Hail Mary, Salve Regina, among other), the Ten Commandments, the Commandmentsof the Church, while the "tocsohan" section uses the question-answer format of the catechism for questions lampooning the corruption, extortion, plunder, bribery, blackmail, fraud, sexual misery, viciousness and the malicious sexual rape acts by Friars towards local inhabitants.
Note its version of the Commandments:
Fourth Commandment: Pawn your body to raise funeral fees for your father and mother.
Fifth Commandment: Do not die if you have no money for your funeral.
Sixth Commandment: Do not commit adultery with the friars querida.
Seventh Commandment: Do not give him competition in stealing.
(There had been many evidences of the hippocrasy of the Catholic church and their friars to attack good governing sexual expression in the population by creating a psychological warfare that it is a sin to have pre-marital sex or to express healthy good governing sexual health or intimacy with other humans who mutually admire each other. After using Religious dogma to enslave and entrap human slaves into their psychological and neurological warfare to create guilt programming they manipulate their slaves by blackmailing them into selling their bodies, sexual services, souls, time, money and resources to them in order for them to raise funeral fees for their parents. The friars would steal resources from others using religious fraud then would blackmail their subjects to give them their bodies, souls and free wills to them. After which they would use the stolen resources that they got from extortion and religious fraud to bribe others to do criminal activities for them such as mass murder, robberies, larceny, arson, physical disease propagandas and psychological entrapments that then after the slave population dies , they would collect fees for the deaths of the people they helped kill. Then they would impose the blame unto good governing people and avoid any accountabilities using blasphemy of universal law)

==The Power of the Reform Movement==


Principales tend to marry those who belong to their class, to maintain wealth and power. In some cases, members of the principalia married wealthy and non‑noble Chinese (Sangley) merchants, who made their fortune in the colony. Principales born of these unions had possibilities to be elected gobernadorcillo by their peers. Thru the support of Mestizo de Sangley families and the wealth created by trade, the rich mestizos and indios were now catapulted to social prominence, and adopted a lifestyle that was clearly manifested in their wealth, their education and their pursuit for cultural significance.

The most visible proof of the elites wealth were the bahay na bato that they built for themselves in what now could be called correct addresses - town proper or poblacion. Facing the central plaza and lining the main roads of the poblacion, stood the houses of the affluent mestizos sangleys, such as those of Tanchanco, Tantoco, Chiong, Tiongson, Reyes, and Bautista families.

The mestizos and indios of Malolos were slowly welded together by an all present power.

In the late nineteenth century, this meant the election and appointment of the mestizos and natives who had become rich from the export of agricultural products, and on their various trades....If the position of goberndorcillo tended to be merely an unwanted obligation to many, to some it represented a unique opportunity to serve the public and push for reforms and to publicize the fraud and abuses of friar curate. According to historical accounts , some of the gobernadorcillos who had believed in the ideology of liberalism were Tomas Tanchanco (1879 and 1880) , Jose Bautista (1881-1883), Jose Reyes (1892), Antonio Tiongson (1871) and Manuel Crisostomo (1887-1889, 1894-1895).

Their background and ideology for true liberation and freedom from oppression, religious fraud, larceny of grace and slavery had accumulated and been made public. So some fearless reformists made sure that they used their positions in the local government to uphold the rights of its community thru the anti friar movement.

In regular elections, they took on all the positions open the non-Spanish, namely: gobernadorcillo or (later capitan municipal , governor), cabeza de barangay (head of the barangay, teniente primero (later tenant mayor) or goberndorcillo's deputy, juez de cementeras (officer in charge of plantations or fields), juez de ganados (teniente de ganados or officer in charge of livestock) , juez de paz or justice of peace and teniente de police or chief of police.

In the municipal government, the goberndorcillo was duty bound to disseminate to the people and execute orders coming from superior authorities relating to government finance, justice, progress, defense and the marine.
He had to maintain public order and for this he had at his disposal thirty cuadrilleros.

The gobernadorcillo had to make sure that the tribute, and later the cedulla personal was collected by the cabeza de barangay, because any delay in this or any deficit in the collection would have to be paid by him from his personal funds.

Another duty of the mayor / goberndorcillo was the maintenance of roads, which yearly deteriorated under torrent rains. Although he could require residents to render free labor for the roads, he had to raise himself the funds for the purchase of needed materials. Although the public schools were under the direct supervision of the friar curate, the mayor or gobernadorcillo was blamed for defects in teaching or physical arrangements.

Finally for all this , the gobernadorcillo had no budget. After all the expenses , there was not much left for even the basic necessities of an office , such as paper and ink or even lamps and petrol.
Since the gobernadorcillo invested in the community and came from a rich family that would usually donate so much money to the community and corrupt officials, there was no monetary benefits to being a gobernadorcillo.

The only real benefits that came with the position of gobernadorcillo were exemption from payment of tribute, and the honour of carrying the tasseled cane of office.

Because the municipal government had no real budget to speak of and because gobernadorcillos would have to pay deficits from their personal funds, the friar curate and Spanish officials naturally preferred those who were known to be wealthy for the positions of gobernddorcillo or cabeza de barangay.

Since the wealthy Mestizo de Sangleys earned their wealth thru good governance, work, trade, commerce, diligence and ingenuity in providing products and services to society they were revered by people thru the good faith, services and products that they brought to the community. Influential Mestizo de Sangleys such as Capitang Tomas Tanchanco started to express more influence in society with the love and support of their community.

The more wealthy they became the more exposed they were to progressive ideas, the more dissatisfied they were with racism, bigotry, corruption, fraud and inefficiency of the Spanish government and religion, the more organised and committed they became to the struggle against the friar.

Even though the gobernadorcillo's salary was not subject to tax, it was not enough to carry out all the required duties expected of such a position. This explains why among the principales, those who had more wealth were likely to be elected to the office of gobernadorcillo (municipal governor).










{{Historystub}}

==References==
Malolos Historical Digest, March 2000 issue, Marcial C. Aniag, editor; Book on the 21 Women of Malolos by Nicanor G. Tiongson</ref>
[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malolos_City]]
ABS-CBNNews Film "Women of Malolos" [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/10/12/14/women-malolos-empowering-musical-drama]
ABS-CBNNews Film "Women of Malolos" [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/10/12/14/women-malolos-empowering-musical-drama]
*Eleccion de Gobernadorcillos Bulacan 1865-1898. Philippine National Archives
*Eleccion de Pueblos Bulacan. Philippine National Archives
*Expediente No. 306 Sobre Casamientos. 31 Agostos 1848, Promovido por Antonio Tan-changco. Contenido: Tan-changco (Antonio) solicita permiso para casarse con Engracia Tan Toco.
*Further Report of the Governor of Bulacan on the Trip of Dr. Jose Rizal to the towns of Bulacan, June 29, 1892. Watson Papers, Philippine National Library
*Rizal, Jose. A Letter to the Young Women of Malolos (Tagalog, Spanish and English) Manila: Bureau of Printing. 1932. Nicanor G. Tiongson, the Women of Malolos published Ateneo de Manila University Press.
* Alzona, Encarnacion. The Filipino woman: Her Social, Economic, and Political Status, 1565-1937. Manila: Benipayo Press, 1934.
* Bryan, William Jennings. [http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=37EpM1kdJ0sC&pg=PA168&lpg=PA168&dq=william+jennings+bryan+tanchanco&source=bl&ots=rPOAv5SU5V&sig=0Xupq9IwNVrJsmaKAIWWfC3qqT8&hl=en&ei=C-tKTvPnKeL9mAXm1-SXCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CCUQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=william%20jennings%20bryan%20tanchanco&f=false] The Old World and Its Ways
* Tiongson, Nicanor. The Women of Malolos. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2004.
* Women of Malolos Foundation. [http://www.womenofmalolos.org/Pages/History.html] (Accessed March 13, 2008)

[[Category:Philippine Revolution people|Rosenda M. Mendoza-Tanchanco]]
[[Category:Scholars and leaders of nonviolence, or nonviolent resistance|Rosenda M. Mendoza-Tanchanco]]
[[Category:Filipinos of Chinese descent|Rosenda M. Mendoza-Tanchanco]]
[[Category:List of Philippine Historical Personalities|Rosenda M. Mendoza-Tanchanco]]

[[File:Ivan Bilugan.jpg|200px|right]]
'''Ivan Bilugan''' is a [[Filipino]] freelance graphic designer who promotes Philippine history through his project, “Philippine History in Color”. He is a 2008 AB Communication graduate from De La Salle University-Dasmariñas' College of Liberal Arts and Communication.

His fascination with graphic design started when he took up Computer Journalism in his sophomore year. His teacher, Prof. Tina Saulo, praised his early work and said that he has artistry in his blood. He took the comment to heart and delved further into digital design.

After graduating and armed with knowledge of Pagemaker and Photoshop, he worked as graphics designer and videographer with DLSU-D's Marketing Communications Office (MCO). In there, he learned more about techniques and principles of design from Fred Agustin and PJohn Catapang. He also became knowledgeable with Moviemaker, Adobe Premier, and Aftereffects.

After three and a half years with MCO, he left and formed his own design portfolio: Bilog Bilugan Design. He did freelance work and even accepted a part-time teaching job (multimedia design) with DLSU-D's College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology. He has also maintained a [https://www.facebook.com/philhistoryincolor/ Facebook page] devoted to colorized historical photos.


==Philippine History in Color==
In 2014, while Ivan was helping his mother organize their old family photos, they found a very small picture, taken in 1953, of his mother with her brother and their cousins. To preserve the photograph and knowing Ivan's background in digital graphics design, his mother asked him to digitally restore the picture and have it enlarged. He restored the photo and transformed it into a full-color memento. It became his first dip into colorized photo editing.

To be able to put color into an old photo, he had to research the techniques involved, the different palettes he could use, some history lessons, and practitioners of the craft who are mostly foreigners. His inspirations include Jordan J. Lloyd, a London-based artist whose roots go back to General Trias, Cavite and “colorizers” Manolo Quezon, Derrick Makutay, Edmon Sison, Homer Fernandez, Venjoy Alegre.

With personal photos, minor research is involved. Research is deeper with historical photos. Details to study include background of the photo, identity of the subject and his or her skin color, color of the costumes and accoutrements, location where the photo was taken, time of the day, type of camera used, and even the story of why the subject(s) was/were there.

Ivan started with a small archive of his family's photos then moved on to royalty free photos online. He contacted both local and international archivists and libraries.

[[File:Ivan Bilugan's MET.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Ivan Bilugan's colorized version of John Tewell's picture of the Metropolitan Theater in Manila]]
In June 2015, he met John Tewell, a retired American pilot turned photographer based in the Philippines. He colorized Tewell's picture of the [[Manila Metropolitan Theater|Metropolitan Theater]] in Manila, and acknowledged the latter's authorship. It was at this point that Ivan decided to seriously consider colorizing as a career. It has become his advocacy to color historical photos. “They say history should be viewed in a new light. For millennials, color is one approach to entice them to be curious and learn more about history.” His objective is not to replace black and white photos, but to promote Philippine history. He said, “The main reason behind colorization is not to distort an image or alter the photos or any historical facts. Rather, it’s to further promote the values and lessons of our past; re-introduce and share it to the new generation.”

In August 2016, Ivan collaborated with [[Filipinas Heritage Library]] (FHL) in marking FHL's 20th anniversary. 30 colorized historical photos, selected from FHL's Retrato collection, was mounted and tied up with an exploration of colors mentioned in Philippine literature and songs. Also included in the exhibit was Felice Prudente Sta. Maria's nomenclature of 40 colors. The colors were identified and verbalized in various Philippine tribes and cultures. The exhibit was titled “Color in History: FHL Now 20.”

The same exhibit was brought to DLSU-D as an inaugural event for the opening of Museo De La Salle's Galeria Oriente on 28 October 2016.






==References==
*[http://dlsud.edu.ph/MCO/Newsette/assets/docs/2016/Newsette_online_Nov7-11.pdf “Ivan’s palette”].''De La Salle University – Dasmariñas''.(Accessed on 8 December 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/moveawards “Move Awards 2016”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 8 December 2016).
*[http://creativepool.com/bilogbilugan/about “Ivan Bilugan”].''Creativepool''.(Accessed on 8 December 2016).
*[https://www.linkedin.com/in/ivan-bilugan-210557a1 “Ivan Bilugan”].''LinkedIn''.(Accessed on 8 December 2016).
*[https://www.behance.net/bilogbilugan “Bilog Bilugan”].''Behance''.(Accessed on 8 December 2016).







{{Wikipilipinas Contents}}
[[Category: Philippine Artists]]
[[Category: Philippine Culture and Arts]]
[[Category: History]]

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For the past nine years, '''WikiPilipinas.org''', the Philippines' premier online encyclopedia, has been awarding the WikiPinoy of the Year title to the person or group of people who has empowered the public by providing open information and in-depth insights into the more significant issues affecting the country today.


A '''WikiPinoy''' does more than information and knowledge sharing. A WikiPinoy's output is research-driven, meaning, he or she does not just present the facts as is, but probes beneath the surface of each story and inspires people to be knowledge sharers as well. For a WikiPinoy, knowledge sharing goes beyond the comfortable seat of his or her office desk—he or she is proactive.The WikiPinoy of the Year nominees were chosen by the editorial board and staff of WikiPilipinas.


From 12 December 2016 to 12 January 2017, WikiPilipinas readers can vote for one of nominees for the 2016 WikiPinoy of the Year by answering an online [http://vote.pollcode.com/16869327 poll question]. The WikiPinoy of the Year will win based on:
*50% votes from the in-house Editorial team
*50% online poll


The nominees for the 2016 WikiPinoy of the Year are:



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[[File:Ivan Bilugan.jpg|150px]]</div>
*'''[[Ivan Bilugan]]''': A [[Filipino]] freelance graphic designer who promotes Philippine history through his project, “Philippine History in Color”. He is a 2008 AB Communication graduate from De La Salle University-Dasmariñas' College of Liberal Arts and Communication.<br><br>It has become his advocacy to color historical photos. “They say history should be viewed in a new light. For millennials, color is one approach to entice them to be curious and learn more about history.” His objective is not to replace black and white photos, but to promote Philippine history. He added, “The main reason behind colorization is not to distort an image or alter the photos or any historical facts. Rather, it’s to further promote the values and lessons of our past; re-introduce and share it to the new generation.”


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[[File:Albert del Rosario.jpg|150px]]</div>
*'''[[Albert del Rosario]]''': A [[Filipino]] diplomat. He was the Secretary of [[Department of Foreign Affairs]] from 2011 to 2016. In surveys conducted by the Social Weather Stations and the Makati Business Club, the DFA has consistently ranked as one of the top government agencies in terms of efficiency and effectiveness under his leadership.<br><br>Also under his watch, the Philippines filed a historic case against China over the West Philippine Sea (South China Sea). He led the filing of the Philippine government arbitration case that challenged the validity of China's sprawling territorial claims in the South China Sea. It sought to clarify the territorial entitlements of certain Chinese-occupied features under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seas, or UNCLOS. The arbitration court in The Hague, Netherlands ruled in favor of the Philippines and invalidated China’s historical claim over nearly 90 percent of the waters. South China Sea has vital sealanes and is home to rich oil and gas and mineral deposits.
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*'''[[Lav Diaz]]''': a multi-awarded independent filmmaker (director, writer, producer, editor, cinematographer, poet, composer, production designer and actor) from [[Cotabato]],[[Mindanao]]. He is a key member of the slow cinema movement, the art of cinema film-making that emphasizes long takes, and is often minimalist, observational, and with little or no narrative. He is especially noted for the length of his films, some of which run for up to eleven hours. His films often tackle the issues regarding the current social and political state of the Philippines. He recently won the Alfred Bauer Prize for ''Hele sa Hiwagang Hapis'' ''(A Lullaby to the Sorrowful Mystery)'' at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival and the Golden Lion for ''Ang Babaeng Humayo'' ''(The Woman Who Left)'' at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival.
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*'''[[Pia Wurtzbach]]''': A [[Filipino]]-German model, actress, and makeup artist. She is Miss Universe 2015. Among her advocacies are HIV/AIDS awareness around the world and ending the stigma surrounding the disease/infection, as well as her fight for gender equality and women empowerment.
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{{Wikipilipinas Contents}}
[[Category: WikiPinoy of the Year]]

{{Infobox Radio station
| name = DWUO (Barangay 100.9)
| image =
| city = [[San Jose, Occidental Mindoro]]
| area = [[Occidental Mindoro]]
| branding = Barangay 100.9
| slogan = Tustugan Na!
| frequency = 100.9 MHz
| airdate = December 9, 2016 (as test broadcast)
| format = OPM, Hot AC
| power = 5,000 watts
| erp = 20,000 watts
| class = A
| callsign_meaning = '''UO'''
| owner = [[GMA Network, Inc.|Radio GMA]]
| sister_stations = [[DZSF-AM]]
}}

'''DWUO''' (100.9 FM [[San Jose, Occidental Mindoro]]) branding as '''Barangay 100.9''' is a upcoming music FM station owned by Radio GMA Network, Inc. a subsidiary of [[GMA Network, Inc.]] in the [[Philippines]] The station's studio and transmitter are located at GMA Compound, Bonifacio St, [[San Jose, Occidental Mindoro]]

==History of 100.9 FM==
It's a start test broadcast on December 9, 2016 GMA launched '''DWUO''' branding as '''Barangay 100.9''' the OPM and Hot AC FM station in [[San Jose, Occidental Mindoro]]

{{Occidental Mindoro Radio}}
[[Category:GMA Network]]

{{Infobox Radio station
| name = DYGG
| image = [[File:DYGG 927 kHz San Jose, Antique.jpg|200px]]
| city = [[San Jose, Antique]]
| area = [[Antique]]
| branding = DYGG Antique
| slogan = DYGG Ngayon Antique
| frequency = 927 kHz
| airdate = December 10, 2016 (as test broadcast)
| format = Public affairs, Talk, Religious
| power = 5,000 watts
| erp =
| class = A
| callsign_meaning = '''GG'''
| owner = [[Crusaders Broadcasting System]] (A Affiliated By [[Mareco Broadcasting Network]])
}}

'''DYGG''' (927 kHz [[San Jose, Antique]]) is a upcoming AM station owned by [[Mareco Broadcasting Network]] in the [[Philippines]] The station's studio and transmitter are located at [[San Jose, Antique]]

{{Antique Radio}}
[[Category:Christian radio stations in the Philippines]]

{{Infobox Radio station
| name = DYKA
| image =
| city = [[San Jose, Antique]]
| area = [[Antique]]
| branding = DYKA 801
| slogan = Radyo Totoo
| frequency = 801 kHz
| airdate = 1976
| format = News and Talk, Catholic
| power = 5,000 watts
| erp =
| class = A
| callsign_meaning = '''KA'''
| owner = Catholic Welfare Origanization<br>[[Catholic Media Network]]
| sister_stations = [[DYKA-FM|94.1 Spirit FM]]
}}

'''DYKA''' (801 kHz [[San Jose, Antique]]) is a AM station owned by Catholic Welfare Origanization an affiliated by [[Catholic Media Network]] The station's studio and transmitter is located at [[San Jose, Antique]]

{{Antique Radio}}

{{Infobox Radio station
| name = DYKA (94.1 Spirit FM)
| image = [[File:DYKA-FM 94.1 Spirit FM.jpg|200px]]
| city = [[San Jose, Antique]]
| area = [[Antique]]
| branding = 94.1 Spirit FM
| slogan =
| frequency = 94.1 MHz
| airdate = 1986
| format = Music
| power = 2,000 watts
| erp =
| class = A
| callsign_meaning = '''KA'''
| owner = Catholic Welfare Origanization<br>[[Catholic Media Network]]
| sister_stations = [[DYKA-AM]]
}}

'''DYKA''' (94.1 FM [[San Jose, Antique]]) branding as '''94.1 Spirit FM''' is a music FM station owned by Catholic Welfare Origanization an affiliated by [[Catholic Media Network]] in the [[Philippines]] The station's studio and transmitter are located at St Joseph Building., [[San Jose, Antique]]

{{Antique Radio}}

{{Infobox Radio station
| name = DYOG
| image =
| city = [[Calbayog City]]
| area = [[Samar]]
| branding = Radyo ng Bayan
| slogan =
| frequency = 882 kHz
| airdate = 1966
| format = News and Talk
| power = 5,000 watts
| erp =
| class = A
| callsign_meaning = '''OG'''
| owner = [[Philippine Broadcasting Service]]
}}

'''DYOG''' (882 kHz [[Calbayog City]]) is a AM station owned by [[Philippine Broadcasting Service]]

{{Samar Radio}}

{{Infobox television
| show_name = Happy Life
| image = [[File:Happy Life new beginning.jpg|200px]]
| caption = Happy Life beginning
| format = Travel show
| camera = Multi-camera setup
| picture_format = [[480i]], [[SDTV]]
| runtime = 1 hours
| creator = [[GMA News TV]]
| developer = Lion Media Productions
| starring = [[Eric Quizon]]
| country = [[Philippines]]
| network = [[GMA News TV]]
| first_aired = December 11, 2016
| last_aired = present
| num_episode = 1
| preceded_by = [[Philippine Expoler]]
| followed_by =
}}

'''Happy Life''' is a upcoming Philippine travel show of [[GMA News TV]] premiered in December 11, 2016 Every Sunday morning 9:30 am to 10:00 am It's a hosted by [[Eric Quizon]]

==Pilot==
''Happy Life'' premiered on December 11, 2016 at 9:30 am with hosted by [[Eric Quizon]] the local tv show

==Hosts==
*[[Eric Quizon]]

==See also==
*[[List of programs broadcast by GMA News TV]]

[[Category:GMA Network]]
[[Category:GMA News TV shows]]
[[Category:2016 Philippine television series debuts]]

All the time understudies, their folks, educators or well wishers search for the results of the exam that the understudy has showed up at. Be that as it may, hunting down such data frequently ends up being an overwhelming undertaking as the seeker is at a misfortune about where to discover them. For such individuals Manabadi site could be the genuine arrangement. For example; on the off chance that you are searching for SSC tenth results then you may essentially sign on to Manabadi SSC tenth results page on the site and get required data.

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{{Infobox Radio station
| name = DYPN Ahas Radyo Cebu
| image = [[File:DYPN Ahas Radyo Cebu.jpg|200px]]
| city = [[Cebu City]]
| area = [[Cebu]]
| branding = Ahas Radyo Cebu
| slogan = Ang Ahas Radyo Sa Cebuano
| frequency = 846 kHz
| airdate = June 12, 1963 (as DYUL)<br>February 2, 1999 (as DYPN)<br>December 11, 2016 (test broadcast)
| format = News and Talk, Music
| power = 5,000 watts
| erp =
| class = A
| callsign_meaning = '''PN'''
| owner = Prime Broadcasting Network<br>[[Mareco Broadcasting Network]]
| sister_stations = [[DYAC|90.7 Crossover]]
}}

'''DYPN''' (846 kHz [[Cebu City]]) branding as '''Ahas Radyo Cebu''' is a upcoming AM station owned by [[Mareco Broadcasting Network]] in the [[Philippines]] The station's studio are located at [[Cebu City]]

==History==
'''DYUL''' it's a start broadcast on June 1963 in Cebu City owned by Audience Incorporated was a first music and news AM station its a frequency of 1240 kHz from 1963 to 1977

In February 1, 1999 '''DYUL''' was a changed to callsign '''DYPN''' under Prime Broadcasting Network

{{Cebu City Radio}}

Corruption is a form of criminal dishonesty, fraudulent ill-will conduct against life that violates universal law or natural law by persons, personalities, institutions, organizations, multidimensional entities, systems of governance in multilateral global territories and beyond. Corruption is usually acted upon in order to larceniously steal values, goods, products, services, time, money, resources that are not earned by free market enterprise, legal universal rights, natural law and good will.

==Corrupt==

A person, personality, institution, organisation, multidimensional entity who is a corrupt criminal is not limited to any race, color or creed. Corrupt criminality is impartial to any race, color or creed but is evaluated through the actions and embodiment of the person, personality, institution, organisation, multidimensional entity. It is safe to define that the corrupt criminal has been proven by continuous criminal action, empirical evidence and embodiment to be spiritually ill willing without remorse or internal realisation towards rehabilitation and accountability. Corrupt persons have accumulated a character that is disconnected from life who does not respond to the flexibility given ignorance or education and understanding by continuously acting with impure intentions or crimes against life that are directed most specially to self conscious living embodiments of right order such as the human race.

Corrupt persons, institutions, organisations, personalities and multi-dimensional entities who are corrupt act against natural laws or the universal of one by the use of deception and manipulative acts that create psychological traumas and or emotional physical manipulations to other persons and or communities that are against natural and universal laws which illegally violates true universal human rights in order to commit crimes that steal time, energy, resources, assets, good will, values, products, services, free will, title, competency, recognition, grace, status, creative power and soul expressions.

==Universal Law==

The Universal Law is also popularly known as Natural Law or the Law of One. Natural Law or the Law of One expresses unity of life and living systems. Free market economists relate natural law with the invisible hand, they also relate the law of one with certain degrees of understanding the causalities of economic policies towards development of a greater whole or unity of life.

Universal Law is best understood in the simple terms of the golden rule which states "Do to others .. what you want others to do unto you".

==Universal Declaration of Human Rights==

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) (text) is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot, Paris. The Declaration arose directly from the experience of the Second World War and represents the first global expression of what many people believe to be the rights to which all human beings are inherently entitled. The full text is published by the United Nations on its website.

'''Article 1.'''

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

'''Article 2.'''

Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.

'''Article 3.'''

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

'''Article 4.'''

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.

'''Article 5.'''

No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

'''Article 6.'''

Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

'''Article 7.'''

All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.

'''Article 8.'''

Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.

'''Article 9.'''

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

'''Article 10.'''

Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.

'''Article 11.'''

Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.

'''Article 12.'''

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

'''Article 13.'''

Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.
Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

'''Article 14.'''

Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

'''Article 15.'''

Everyone has the right to a nationality.
No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

'''Article 16.'''

Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.
The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.

'''Article 17.'''

Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.

'''Article 18.'''

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.

'''Article 19.'''

Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

'''Article 20.'''

Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
No one may be compelled to belong to an association.

'''Article 21.'''

Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.
Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country.
The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.

'''Article 22.'''

Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

'''Article 23.'''

Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.
Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.

'''Article 24.'''

Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

'''Article 25.'''

Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.

'''Article 26.'''

Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

'''Article 27.'''

Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

'''Article 28.'''

Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

'''Article 29.'''

Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.
In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.
These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

'''Article 30.'''

Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.


==Corrupt Abuses and Criticism to Universal Declaration of Human Rights==

In 1974, the Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations, Sean MacBride said, in his Nobel Lecture, "To the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights one more might, with relevance, be added. It is ' The Right to Refuse to Kill.'"

Right to education and free education is a good governing principle that many enslaved colonial nations have been supressed from. Economists have reported that information and certain levels of education towards inclusive development can add value to community development but wrong allocation of resources towards free education can lead to increase in poverty and national debt which reduces total factor productivity, profitability and belittles the value of other sectors of the economy.

The right to beliefs and freedom of thought has helped express more universal understanding of peace and harmony among diverse races and cultures but numerous critics have released empirical research that criticises the tolerance of religion and their fraudulent claims as a system that promotes criminal activities in disguise. Intelligent researchers have reported that tolerance of systems of religion have brought about acceptance of criminal acts that are a based on deception, fraud and have foundations of criminal actions have created a multiplication of crimes such as extortion, mass murder, bribery, larceny, fraud, psychological manipulation, racketeering, brainwashing, robbery, plunder, economic sabotage and terrorism in the name of God.

The right to equal pay for work has helped enlighten many intelligent communities and economies to express inclusive development but numerous economic managers have reported un-educated policies and lobbying from labor groups and unions who use certain distorted views of the law to create extortion and corruption in the value chain by not recognising the values of many important stakeholders of the economy such as institutions, capitalists and entrepreneurs. The misunderstood levels of values and the imposition of criminal persons of their wrong entitlements thru the use of terrorism and emotional manipulation of crowds and persons have brought about many recessional crisis due to unstable foundations in the economy. It has been an objective of some researchers that more clarity towards this right, and that it may expressed so that proper economic understanding of the economics of the free market, the value chain and the value of diverse levels of labor, capital and technology resources can be clarified and corruption avoided while those that use and abuse the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for corrupt purposes of justifying extortion, larceny, robbery and bribery are held accountable to their punishment by law. Other economists have also released reports that would create policies that help protect the good jobs of the labor sector from adverse effects of over dependency towards technologies that become counter productive to inclusive development thru the wrong use of artificial intelligence and robotics.

The right to freedom of opinion and expression has helped express a lot of creative goodness and human intimate interaction. Numerous human rights experts have noted and criticised many abuses to this right. In tyrannical rules of incompetent persons several historical reports state the use of military technology and psychological warfare to suppress rational thinking reasoning thru emotional manipulation and bio-neurological organ mutilation of the central nervous system and the human multidimensional anatomy. On the other hand, numerous reports state that the right of opinion and expression should also have limits and levels of authority based on a persons intent and authority. The right to freedom of opinion towards certain topics that are not in the recognised intellectual, communal, scientific, academic and experiential embodiment of a person must be limited because this right can be abused in order to commit crimes of disruption of activity, destruction of private-public property, vandalism, incompetent interference, true slander, economic sabotage, character assassination, malicious trespassing, prying and many other crimes.

The right to form and to join trade unions have come across community development in order to protect the rights of labourers from slave driving colonial masters. But many critics have come up with historical research of many crimes that trade unions have committed that have brought about the rise of poverty and reduction of total factor productivity in the economy. It has been reported that many trade unions and labor associations who do not care for their country's economic development and the institutions or households they work for have acted with corruption to extort certain values , products and services not earned by maliciously utilizing national laws to criminally act with blackmail , extortion or illegally obtaining items of values, jobs, larceny, wrong entitlement, income not earned from through threats, psychological manipulation, sexual expression entrapments and many other distorted acts of corruption.

The right to marriage has helped define to global communities that marriage must be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses. The human right of marriage which is inherent in two or more consenting adults has been abused in order to extort money, assets, resources through criminal intent. There have been numerous reports of criminal personalities abusing their right to freedom of thought by invoking fraudulent religious views and opinion to impose slander, suffering, fault and religious sin by discriminating relationships or good governing legal unions that are polygamous , lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, incestous and genetic sexual attraction relationships instead of truly expressing communal social understanding of human diversity and levels of historical education of human developmental history towards good governance and proper historical recognition of marriage practices relationships rights. It has also been recorded the marriage practice has been used by religious groups, silent psychological victimisers and fraudulent cult practitioners to impose suffering, fault and negative interferences for good governing families in order to empower psychological warfare and slavery utilising religious sacraments that extort time, money, resources, energy and lives of enslaved populace thru guilt programming in disguise of acts of free will towards the need of religion or payment of indulgences for sins as penance towards salvation.

The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State. Abusive systems of government and tyrannical control have abused recognition of the family and true historical family lineage and good will by eliminating ancestral family records in order to disregard good will values and extort values that are not earned. Religious fraud has also discriminated other forms of family that spring out of polygamous relationships or other derivatives of human family expression such as legal adoptions.

Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours have been abused to the point of complacency and intergenerational laziness that expect entitlement to values not earned thru social welfare and welfare economics. Research have shown that many abuse of this right can create reduction in growth and inclusive development and the promotion of extortion of values not earned. On the other hand right to rest and leisure has also been abused by colonial slave drivers and religious oppressors in history to require slave labor in the name of God or psychologically steal the time, money and resources of good governing productive people in the community that deserve to enjoy their net worth and income instead of being forced to attend religious cult activities that enrich religious oppressors and their fraudulent agendas of larceny.

The right to take part in the government of his country and the right to be elected to office through the will of the people have been abused by corrupt incompetent politicians that utilise the masses to vote for them. Research have shown historical evidence of incompetence in government due to the tolerance of incompetence. There have been policy recommendations towards clarifying this right in order to avoid corruption and incompetence by emulating best practices in the private sector such as establishing the right set of candidates through human resource evaluation methods, written examinations, personal career embodiments in governance, net worth and removing nuisance candidates that are committing crimes such as sabotage, high treason, graft, plunder and misallocation of government resources towards unworthy persons and personalities.

The right that states that everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence is helpful to innocent persons and personalities that have committed mistakes in order to express flexibility and compassion most especially to those have been unjustly discriminated. But numerous research have empirically stated that this universal right has been abused by corrupt individuals that utilise the justice system in order to commit continous heinous crimes that deliberately violate the law of one or higher law continously.

In the Philippines, the definition or description of heinous crimes is found in the second whereas clause of the preamble of Republic Act No. 7659. It has been recorded that several crimes such as Treason (Sec. 2), Qualified Piracy (Sec. 3), Parricide (Sec. 5), Murder (Sec. 6), Infanticide (Sec. 7), Kidnapping (most especially with the criminal intent of extortion and blackmail) serious illegal detention (unauthorised with the intent to enslave, extort and rob victims instead of proper good governing self authoritative and qualified self defence or law enforcement from a continuous crime) if attended by any of the following four circumstances: (a) the victim was detained for more than three days; (b) it was committed simulating public authority; (c) serious physical injuries were inflicted on the victim or threats to kill him were made; and (d) if the victim is a minor, except when the accused is any of the parents, female or a public officer (Sec. 8) Robbery with homicide, rape or intentional mutilation (Sec. 9)Destructive arson if what is burned is (a) one or more buildings or edifice; (b) a building where people usually gather; (c) a train, ship or airplane for public use; (d) a building or factory in the service of public utilities; (e) a building for the purpose of concealing or destroying evidence Or a crime; (f) an arsenal, fireworks factory, or government museum; and (g) a storehouse or factory of explosive materials located in an inhabited place; or regardless of what is burned, if the arson is perpetrated by two or more persons (Sec. 10) Rape qualified as non consensual forcibly acts of sex (or manipulation and belittlement of the right to good governing sexual pleasure exploration or sexual health preservation and protection between good governing persons with earned rights of intimate relations with mutual understanding and attraction by the use of methods of violence, brainwashing, guilt programming, faulty imposition, malicious intent of extortion, blackmail through sexual manipulation attended by any of the following circumstances: (a) the rape is committed with a deadly weapon; (b) the rape is committed by two or more persons; and (c) the rape is attempted or frustrated and committed with homicide (Sec. 11) Plunder. Planting evidence of dangerous drugs in person or immediate vicinity of another to implicate the latter (Sec. 19) Carnapping where the owner, driver or occupant of the carnapped motor vehicle is killed or raped (Sec. 20).

Other heinous crimes in the Philippines that relate to dangerous drugs have been criticised and analysed by experts such as human rights lawyers, social scientists and medical practitioners as mis-categorised and mis-understood. There have been numerous studies and research stating that the use of drugs are health issues and are not criminal issues and therefore proper good governance in legalisation and understanding of the good benefits or the biological effects that creates demand in psychoactive recreational drugs by giving legal allowances and flexibility or creating proper healthy substitutes, recommended dosages, regulation of use and health education towards proper solutions. Other researchers have pointed out that the crimes committed in the use of psycho-active substances or recreational drugs is not the abuse of drugs itself but the real heinous criminal acts committed by narco-politics, law enforcers, drug lords such as extortion, slavery, economic sabotage, religious fraud, bribery, mass murder, blackmail, plunder and other related continuous crimes.

The right stating that no one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. This right has good governing qualities of compassion but reports have expressed that this universal right can be abused by corrupt individuals to commit continuous crimes while avoiding accountability for historical crimes against humanity that multiplies into continuos crimes or repetition of the same event creating a continuous series of acts which endures after the period of consummation. Critics have pointed that this right has been abused by religious leaders and certain leaders of government to commit continuous crimes that have multiplied acceptance of religious fraud, larceny, terrorism, war mongering, karmic and sin imposition and disrespect of true grace, net worth and protection earned by good governing individuals and families.

The right stating that everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him is self evident but has historically been reported as inefficient due to corrupt practices in the justice system, inefficient system in the court houses, bribery and lags. Numerous reformists have suggested new ways of expressing efficiency in the justice system that involves higher technology systems and proper efficient planning of increasing the number of judges and justices together with the increase in population densities in the area.

The right stating that no one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment has protected many persons from the abuses cerated by colonial oppressions and tyrannical criminals. On the other hand, researchers have shown that this right has been abused by criminals and incompetent government rehabilitation programs to the point that mendicant persons who do not participate in the good of the community, criminal multidimensional entities, persons and personalities commit crimes in order to extort values of products and services not earned such as food, shelter, lodging. Reports also show the use of rehabilitation centers by criminals as luxury head quarters for continuous heinous crimes and criminal activities. Empirical evidences have shown many criminals and prisoners living luxurious lives that enjoy products and services that are not earned by them or is not due to them as part of their rehabilitation.

Reports have also shown that the higher living standards of criminals vis-a-vis good governing persons from all walks of life who diligently work to earn income and pay the taxes that pay for the rehabilitation facilities. Numerous social scientific studies also reveal corrupt impositions of suffering towards good governing persons, families and institutions by implanting them with psychological, structural and technological implants that impose suffering and slavery towards good governing persons and personalities disguised as religious dogma or deceptive fellowship which implicate persons and families with suffering while criminals steal the money, time, resources, energy and net worth of good governing persons in order to commit continuous crimes. This is done through the imposition of suffering agendas, guilt programming, emotional manipulation, self flagellation, sin and fault for good governing pleasurable experiences in life that people earned and deserve, biological warfare, psycho-energetic technologies, religious fraud, mental racketeering utilising spiritual concepts, un-intelligent genital mutilation, cult programming, fortune tellling while criminals extort values, assets, products, services that are not earned. On the other hand there are rehabilitation enters that also degrade other good governing criminals who earned their right that deserve productive and enlightening rehabilitation by exposing them to vicious corrupt individuals that lead them into greater crimes or use them for continous henious criminal activities and degrade the standard of living or rehabilitation they deserve due to their corruption. Policy researchers have reported that productivity and economic development can be increased by involving livelihood programs and allocating government's productive services to good governing criminals who have earned their right to proper rehabilitation in order to help them make use of their time productively so that they can earn the values given to them by the government in their prison such as food expenses, shelter expenses, security expenses, entertainment expenses, health expenses and many others. Programs for reform have been pushed by experts to review rehabilitation practices in order to be effective and just to the community.

The Universal Declaration of Human rights protects the dignity and the freedom of good governing sex service practitioners. Sex service practice has been belittled and utilised as a tool to create discrimination and belittlement of sexual health through guilt programming and the imposition of fault or sin. United Nations, Amnesty International has released intelligent research and policy recommendations to decriminalise sex workers. Numerous associations of sex workers in the USA and other countries have also lobbied for proper understanding of their practice. Several articles of the declaration protect sex service practice such as: Article 1 - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. , Article 3 - Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. , Article 9. - No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. , Article 23. - Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment. In 2012, the World Health Organization declared, "All countries should work toward decriminalization of sex work." The U.N.'s Special Rapporteur on Health called for decriminalization of prostitution in 2011, and in 2013, U.N. Women affirmed a statement by UNAIDS calling for decriminalization. The prestigious medical journal The Lancet also advocated "accepting and embracing sex work." According to Amnesty International, the concept of “decriminalization” is not interchangeable with “legalization.” In this context, decriminalization means that laws prohibiting sex work are removed, while legalization typically implies the imposition of state regulation on sex work. The Amnesty draft notes that the group is not necessarily opposed to state regulation. According to reports “Criminalizing sex work is what makes trafficking survivors unable to seek support,” Caty Simon, an escort and co-editor of the sex worker-run blog Tits and Sass, told HuffPost in July. Sex workers have also reported that the worst abuse of all is abuse by extortion and corruption by the police. A woman told The New York Times in 2012 that “more than once,” police insisted she “provide services“ to them in exchange for not being arrested. “The cops are the ones abusing you, taking your money, beating you up,” she said. Numerous studies and research work have come about with findings on how proper sexual health massage services can contribute to well being and health. Additional studies also state that couples can also benefit from sex service practitioners and sexual therapy experts that can educate them with spicing up their sex life or can support relationships impartially with sexual services or duties that can not be performed by good governing stakeholders in the relationships. It has also been reported that good governing sex service practice can add value to a community by properly educating the youth with safe and responsible sex free from any fraudulent impositions of religious fraud and attacks on human sexuality that criminals who do not deserve to enjoy sexual pleasure is stealing from communities. It has also been reported that regulation of sex service practice could professionalize the practice so that they may be free from any extortion of value that would be detriment to the total factor productivity and disposable income of good governing persons. It has been supported by numerous medical journals that sexual pleasure expression and orgasms lead to proper health, hormonal balance that would prevent diseases such as prostate cancer. It has also been supported in findings that it is not abstinence, sexual misery and fear of sexual pleasure, belittlement of sex experts and sex service practitioners that could solve sexual transmitted diseases but acceptance, education, good governance, proper hygiene in sexual acts with sex service experts and healthy mutual passionate adventurous intimacy in good governing relationships in diverse degrees of mutual understanding can properly eliminate the spread of sexually transmitted diseases or psychological warfare that attack freedom of sexual pleasure and healthy expression by imposing guilt programming, sins, karmic impositions towards pre-marital sex and mutual good governing consensual intimacy. It has also been reported that the fear of sexually transmitted disease and ignorance of sexual pleasure rights can belittle healthy fertility expressions of populations through implants of fear and hormonal health that add the productivity, economies of scale and love in the community. According to a report by ABS-CBN News, the 16th President of the Philippines Rodrigo Duterte has been known to give care not condemnation thru proper health education to Sex workers in Davao and benefits of pink cards. According to reports of Amnesty International good governing regulated sex service is different from sex slavery and human trafficking, Human trafficking and sex slavery including numerous crimes associated with the wrong understanding of sex service practitioners brings about more corruption, extortion , bribery and human trafficking.

The working group on sex work and human rights reports that, "Trafficking in human beings is a worldwide problem. It involves tricking or coercing individuals into sweatshops, household labor, restaurant work, farming, drug smuggling and/or brothels." The report also states that confusing sex workers with trafficked persons erases the voices of good governing sex workers, worsens their working conditions, adds to their general stigmatization and impedes discussions on ways to end human trafficking.

Article 17 and Article 22 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights protects the property rights of persons such as values, social security, net worth earned thru products and services contributed to the society. The abuse of the human rights to property and social security has been a catalyst to many continuous criminal acts against humanity. The professional understanding of entrepreneurship and free market economics has helped usher transparent and fair value chains in the economy for the allocation of products and services towards good governing persons, families and households who have helped add value towards the development of the global economy. It has been recorded in history that colonial slave drivers have plundered empires and nations because of their corruption and disrespect for property rights. The corrupt larceny committed by Spanish colonial slave drivers was due to disrespect of the property rights of the Incas in 1532. According to reports, their use of superior weaponry, psychological warfare, religious fraud, a perfectly timed arrival and native allies certainly helped Pizarro to steal all the gold and treasures of the Incas that they worked for. The Spaniard arrived in the Andes with fewer than 200 men. Even with these advantages, he wouldn't have been successful had it not been for another weapon, unexpected by both sides. Biological warfare in the form of smallpox allowed Pizarro to conquer the Inca. Smallpox spread quickly through the Americas prior to Pizarro's arrival. Having lived alongside livestock for millennia gave much of Europe immunity to the worst ravages of smallpox. But the indigenous tribes of the Americas had no such advantage. Smallpox unexpectedly killed Incan emperor Huayna Cupac, leaving the empire in civil unrest and war. The disease decimated the Incan population, paving the way for Pizarro's paltry troops to conquer a once-vast nation. "So complete was the chaos that Francisco Pizarro was able to seize an empire the size of Spain and Italy combined with a force of 168 men," writes Charles Mann in "1491". It has also been reported that the gold looted from the Incas that Pizarro circulated into the Spanish economy made the country worst off due to higher amounts of money with the same or lower amounts of products and services which just reduced the value of the Spanish currency. Property values, labor values and individual net worths are determined by good governing laws of free market economics. Abuse and Larceny of values and properties have been a continuous crime committed by colonial slave drivers, religious institutions, cult groups including but not limited to economic stakeholders such as labourers, corrupt politicians, executives and uneducated capitalists. The un-intelligent lobbying for values of labor that is not earned due to proper free market economics and value chain analysis or good will of employers in society is a precursor towards crimes of extortion, bribery, larceny and economic sabotage. The un-intelligent lobbying of social security that is not afforded or does not consider sustainable development values for future generations is a precursor to corruption, larceny, extortion, political bribery, fraud and economic sabotage. As stated in Article 22, social security must be allocated in accordance with the organization and resources of each State. The declaration also protects good governing persons from extortion, blackmail, fraud. economic sabotage and other crimes committed by religious groups in the form of tithe taxes that are fraudulent investments for salvation, happiness, blessings that are being used in order to promote continuous crimes of mendicant extortion, larceny, economic sabotage that brings about vicious cycle of poverty. The income that good governing people in a community has earned and saved are values for their contribution towards the productivity and fruitfulness of an economy. Economic studies have been conducted that corruption in the form of government plunder, religious fraud, cult group practices, fortune telling deceptions, investment or false pyramiding scams that have no basis for investment returns, over leveraged spending, credit card frauds that steal the deposits of good governing persons, estafa and many other criminal rackets that do not provide value into the economy or disrespects and interferes with good governing persons who have earned their net worth and values thru their own livelihood reduce total factor productivity and expresses continuous crimes of economic sabotage. The Holy Roman Empire led by Spanish Royal Family in the 15th century used the Catholic Church as a way to enslave and control their colonies such as the Philippines in order to plunder their resources. In contrast to the robust trading activities that was already happening in the Philippines thru trading posts with the Kingdom of China and other Asian economies, the western colonizers established power centers utilising psychological warfare thru the Catholic Church and its dogma. The use of psychological warfare and fraudulent entitlements or claims such as being the son of God, being an ascended master, being a false teacher or guru, being a spiritual racketeer that promises fraudulent claims of salvation, blessings, happiness, magickal healing powers to conquer other good governing persons and nations have been a continous crime by persons, personalities, institutions and multidimensional entities. The Spanish colonial empire of the Philippines thru the commoditization of God and the use and show of force for submission has been recorded as one of the most traumatic events in the Filipino collective consciousness. It is a historical fact that in this period the Church would use their powers to claim authority and social leadership amongst the people whom they colonized. The locals were called "Indios" and they were brainwashed to think that they can only be slaves and are not allowed to earn proper wages or even work , study and take part in certain benefits of the community. This led to a lot of misuse and abuse in power. Corruption was very rampant as Catholic Church leaders would collect tithe taxes from people . It is in the history books that this so called tithe tax called "sanctorums" were forced into the enslaved nationals of the Philippines. Even if they did not have money to pay the people were also asked for goods and services. Most of them were abused by Church officials to provide forced labor that was more than the required 40 day forced labor called Pollo at Servicios. It has been recorded that the continuous crimes have multiplied into larger amounts of degradation and corruption acted upon by cult groups and religions that continue to use fraudulent claims and religious scams to extort money, resources, time, energy. Research shows that the modus operandi of religious fraud scammers and cult groups is to isolate their victims and brainwash them with false claims of dogma and wrong entitlements such as being masters, son of God, ascended teachers, magicians, spiritual teachers, unregistered false teachers or gurus. They interfere with their own economic status and look for ways wherein they can claim entitlement for the blessings of life that is already earned by their victims through their own work and contribution to the community. They use the stolen values, resources, property from good governing people to bribe un-educated people who are suffering in order to promote mendicancy, extortion and poverty in the form of charity with false entitlements of their good works but the truth is that they have stolen the time, money, resources and energy from good governing victims through deceptive criminal acts cloaked in religious spiritual dogma that promise heaven, ascension, happiness in life, blessings. Reports also state that they also use psychotronic weaponry utilising human body energy, biological implants and biological warfare in order to create submission or to impose agendas of sin, suffering and disease created by their false entitlement to divinity. Guilt programming, emotional manipulation, healing and imposition of sin becomes a racket that drives victims into attending worship sessions that they claim are acts of free will but are clear manifestations of fraudulent psychological warfare. Experts delineate proper social development work and socio civic activities and fraud organization of charities that serve as a front for corrupt acts of economic sabotage thru the promotion of poverty and wrong entitlement. Experts also delineate that there is a difference between true recognised scientific academic teaching that are being paid for by participation in free market economics conducted in recognised legal institutions or by good governing persons of proven good will in the private sector with proper competency, authority and embodiment that is neutral to any dogma, fraudulent claims or hidden agenda of enslaving communities and their souls. On March 1st (or the 3rd) 1888, around 300 residents led by a group of gobernadorcillos of Mania’s suburbs, chief among them the Filipino lawyer and gobernadorcillo of Santa Cruz named Doroteo Cortes, wound their way through the districts of Manila to the office of the civil governor of Manila to present a petition with some 810 signatures, addressed to the Queen of Spain seeking the expulsion of all friars from the Philippines.

==Rule According to a Higher Law==

The "Rule according to a Higher Law" means that no law may be enforced by the government unless it conforms with certain universal principles (written or unwritten) of fairness, morality, and justice. Thus, the rule according to a higher law may serve as a practical legal criterion to qualify the instances of political or economical decision-making, when a government, even though acting in conformity with clearly defined and properly enacted legal rules, still produces results which many observers find unfair or unjust.

The idea of a law of ultimate justice over and above the momentary law of the state—a higher law—was first introduced into post-Roman Europe.

"Higher law" can be interpreted in this context as the divine or natural law or basic legal values, established in the international law – the choice depending on the viewpoint. But this is definitely a Law above the law.

And it is in this capacity that it possesses the equal legal value for both the common and civil law jurisdictions, as opposed to natural law which is largely associated with common law. "To recognize the necessary connection between the rule of law as an ideal and well-constructed constitutional government does not and should not be taken to imply that all states can or should maintain the same constitutional structures in practice".


==Corruption of Rule According to a Higher Law by corrupting Universal Law with Fraud or Religious Dogma ==

The corruption of the Rule of Higher Law and the Universal Natural Laws has been distorted by religious institutions, systems of governance and cult organisations by distorting their dogmatic expressions in order to protect themselves and their criminal activity thru the conduct psychological warfare and justify crimes against life or humanity by the use of scams that express their divinity, Godly rule or religious agenda that entrap soul expressions of life and steal money, resources, energy, time, good will, products, services, free will, title, competency, recognition, grace, competency, status, creative power and soul expression from good governing persons and communities with earned values, products, services, living embodiments.

The following are major corruptions of universal law that have tolerated and multiplied criminal activities by empirical and historical evidences:

'''Salvation Corruption'''
The sale of the fraudulent products of Salvation, Ascension, Heaven, Blessings, Grace, Happiness, Prosperity, Peace and escapism from Accountability are crimes imposed by scam criminals. True the use of dogmas and wrong entitlements, they impose that the community must give the criminals money, time, resources, energy, products and services in order to promote fraudulent corrupt agendas that steal living values of good governing individuals and bribe other criminals with stolen resources Salvation Corruption are crimes that are committed by numerous religions , spiritual organisations, cults and other multidimensional entities from multilateral global territories. Salvation Corruption are forms of criminal acts of Bribery, Blasphemy of Universal Law, Slavery, Extortion, Economic Sabotage, Plunder, Fraud and many other related criminal offenses.

The Catholic Church states that if a person commits crimes and corruption towards other people and persons they can be absolved from their sins by going to confession and giving the Church money. In the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church, an indulgence is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins". It may reduce the temporal punishment after death, in the state or process of purification called Purgatory. This temporal punishment would not be considered "time", as Purgatory, like Heaven and Hell, is said to exist "outside of time". Numerous studies about psychological warfare and enslavement have reported tyrannical rulers use of psychological warfare and religion in order to enslave a populace and steal the products, services, values, time, money, life and resources thru deceptive acts promoting fraudulent religious dogmas of heaven, salvation and hell. It is evident that the tolerance of religious fraud and corruption has given birth to numerous Evangelical pastors and occult groups " selling blessings" much like corrupt priests of the 1500's "sold indulgences".

'''Karmic Imposition or Imposition of Sin'''

'''Corruption of the Golden Rule'''

'''Corruption of Grace'''

'''Corruption using Spiritual Religious Words'''

'''Corruption cloaked in Democratic ideals'''

'''Corruption cloaked in Communist Socialist ideals'''

'''Corruption cloaked in psychological warfare that promotes Poverty and Slavery'''

'''Corruption cloaked in the tolerance of Religious Fraud and Religious Crimes'''

'''Corruption to psychologically impair the right for Self Defense'''

It is the right of good governing human beings to protect its life from criminals thru proper education and recognition of net worth and earned values. Corrupt deceivers use religious dogma to impose fault to good governing persons who have proper authority, empirical evidence, communal recognition of crimes committed to defend and protect life by using force minimally and to protect (defend). Criminals wrong view of the golden rule imposes their corrupt justification of attacking good governing persons and communities that act with authority to defend themselves from deceptive acts of corruption that use violence, psychological warfare and ignorance to superimpose corrupt dogmatic beliefs, unjust punishments, steal life values or larcenously rob good governing humans from recognition, net worth, competency, products, services, energy, time, money, grace and good will.

'''Corruption of Sexual Pleasure'''

'''Corruption of Fertility'''

'''Corruption of Religious and Royal Titles'''

'''Corruption of Cult Practices'''

'''Corruption of Fortune Telling'''

'''Corruption of Biological Warfare'''

'''Corruption of Understanding Recreational Drugs'''

'''Corruption of the Health and Medical System'''

'''Corruption of Family'''
that imposes fault in diverse good governing forms of Family relationships

'''Corruption of Social Relationships'''

'''Corruption of Slum Dwellers'''

'''Corruption of Sex Service Practitioners'''

'''Corrupt Agreements based on Fraud'''

'''Corruption in Religion'''

'''Corruption in Government and Public Service'''

'''Corruption cloaked in Feminism'''

'''Corruption of healthy Gender Sexual expression'''

'''Corruption of the understanding of Gender Equality'''

'''Corruption of Financial Banking System'''

'''Corruption of Extra-terrestrial Beings Disclosure'''

'''Corruption of the Human Body'''

'''Corruption of Income Distribution and respect for Net Worth'''

'''Corruption in distribution of Products and Services'''

'''Corruption of use of Natural Resources'''

'''Corruption of understanding of Precious Metals'''

'''Corruption of understanding Money'''

'''Corruption of understanding Wages'''

'''Corruption in the form of Tithe'''

'''Corruption in the form of Brainwashing'''

'''Corruption in the form of War Mongering'''

'''Corruption with the use of Deceptive Technologies'''

'''Corruption of Mortality, Degeneration and Death'''

'''Corruption of Parasitism'''

'''Corruption of Accountability'''

'''Corruption of the Seperation of Church and State'''

'''Corruption of Emotional Manipulation'''

'''Corruption of Entrapment by False Justice and Vengance'''

'''Corruption of Suffering Entrapments'''

'''Corruption in Tax Revenue Collection'''

'''Corruption of Animal Rights'''


==Universal Law and the Rule of the Higher Law is related to the Golden Rule==

The Golden Rule states that one should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself (positive or directive form).
One should not treat others in ways that one would not like to be treated (negative or prohibitive form).
What you wish upon others, you wish upon yourself (empathic or responsive form).
The Golden Rule differs from the maxim of reciprocity captured in do ut des—"I give so that you will give in return"—and is rather a unilateral moral commitment to the well-being of the other without the expectation of anything in return.

The concept occurs in some form in nearly every religion and ethical tradition. It can also be explained from the perspectives of psychology, philosophy, sociology, and economics. Psychologically, it involves a person empathizing with others. Philosophically, it involves a person perceiving their neighbor also as "I" or "self".[7] Sociologically, 'love your neighbor as yourself' is applicable between individuals, between groups, and also between individuals and groups. In economics, Richard Swift, referring to ideas from David Graeber, suggests that "without some kind of reciprocity society would no longer be able to exist."

The golden rule describes a "two-way", relationship between one's self and others that involves both sides equally, and in a mutual benefit or win-win fashion. Distorted understanding of the golden rule happens when either side does not respect and recognise true values earned and computed fairly by free market economics and the value chain. There have been numerous historical accounts of wrong understanding of the golden rule that have created arrogance and corruption that have resulted in poverty and slavery due to wrong understanding of equality that attacks and steals the true values, recognition and net worth of those that have earned their worth thru competency, personal and family good will, productivity, service and solid soul foundations.



==References==

* West's Encyclopedia of American Law (in 13 volumes), 2nd Ed., edited by Jeffrey Lehman and Shirelle Phelps. Publisher: Thomson Gale, 2004. ISBN 0-7876-6367-0.
* M.N.S. Sellers, Republican Legal Theory: The History, Constitution and Purposes of Law in a Free State, Basingstoke, 2004
* Wormser, The Story of the LAW, pg. 189
* Edward S. Corwin, The “Higher Law” Background of American Constitutional Law (1955).
* Leslie F. Goldstein, Popular Sovereignty, the Origins of Judicial Review, and the Revival of Unwritten Law, Journal of Politics 48 (1986): 51–71
* Mortimer Sellers, An Introduction. The Rule of Law in Comparative Perspectives, edited by Mortimer Sellers and Tadeusz Tomaszewski, Springer, Heidelberg - London - New York, 2010, pp. 4–5. ISBN 978-90-481-3749-7.
* Peter Barenboim, Naeem Sidiqi, Bruges, the Bridge between Civilizations: The 75 Anniversary of the Roerich Pact, Grid Belgium, 2010. ISBN 978-5-98856-114-9
* Amartya Sen, Global justice in Global Perspectives on the Rule of Law, edited by James J. Heckman, Robert L. Nelson, Lee Cabating and Paul Lepore, Routledge, London and New York, 2010.

* Antony Flew, ed. (1979). "golden rule". A Dictionary of Philosophy. London: Pan Books in association with The MacMillan Press. p. 134. ISBN 0-330-48730-2. This dictionary of philosophy contains the following exact quote under the entry for "golden rule": "The maxim 'Treat others how you wish to be treated'. Various expressions of the rule are to be found in tenets of most religions and creeds through the ages, testifying to its universal applicability." (end quote).

* Walter Terence Stace argued that the Golden Rule was much more than simply an ethical code. Instead, he posits, it "express[es] the essence of a universal morality." The rationale for this crucial distinction occupies much of his book The Concept of Morals (1937): – Stace, Walter T. (1937). The Concept of Morals. New York: The MacMillan Company (reprinted 1975 by permission of MacMillan Publishing Co. Inc.); (also reprinted by Peter Smith Publisher Inc, January 1990). p. 136. ISBN 0-8446-2990-1. (above quote found p. 136, ch. 6)

* "The moral primacy of basic respect.".

* W.A. Spooner, "The Golden Rule," in James Hastings, ed. Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Vol. 6 (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1914) pp. 310–12, quoted in Rushworth M. Kidder, How Good People Make Tough Choices: Resolving the Dilemmas of Ethical Living, Harper, New York, 2003. ISBN 0-688-17590-2. p. 159. Simon Blackburn also notes the connection between Confucius and the Golden Rule. Simon, Blackburn (2001). Ethics: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-19-280442-6.

* Epstein, Greg M. (2010). Good Without God: What a Billion Nonreligious People Do Believe. New York: HarperCollins. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-06-167011-4.
* Simon, Blackburn (2001). Ethics: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-19-280442-6.
* Wattles, Jeffrey (1996). The Golden Rule. Oxford University Press.
* Swift, Richard (July 2015). "Pathways & possibilites". New Internationalist. 484 (July/August 2015).

* [Free Minds . Org https://free-minds.org/forum/index.php?topic=9601755.0]
* [United Nations Declaration of Human Rights http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/]
* [Continous Crime http://dictionary.thelaw.com/continuous-crime/]
* [Here’s What Amnesty International’s Sex Work Proposal Really Means http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/amnesty-international-sex-work-prostitution_us_55bfb184e4b06363d5a2e89b]
* [Life Site News https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/un-amnesty-international-decriminalizing-prostitution-would-help-transgende]
* [Sex Workers Get Care not Condemnation from Duterte http://news.abs-cbn.com/focus/06/06/16/sex-workers-get-care-not-condemnation-from-duterte]
* [Trafficking and Sex Work are different things]
* [The Conquest of the Inca Empire http://www.spanishwars.net/16th-century-conquest-inca-empire.html]
* [The Golden Rule http://ascensionglossary.com/index.php/Golden_Rule]
* [Harvard Medical Journal Does frequent ejaculation help ward off prostate cancer? http://www.harvardprostateknowledge.org/does-frequent-ejaculation-help-ward-off-prostate-cancer]
* [CNN Analyst: Legalised Prostitution Could Help Economy http://www.mrc.org/articles/cnn-analyst-legalized-prostitution-could-help-economy]
* [Sex Industry benefits Society http://humanismbyjoe.co/sex-industry-benefits-society/]
* [I'm a sex worker in a legal brothel here are five biggest misconceptions about what I do http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/im-a-sex-worker-in-a-legal-brothel-here-are-the-five-biggest-misconceptions-about-what-i-do-10460454.html]
* [Supreme Court rules in favor of same-sex marriage nationwide http://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/26/politics/supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-ruling/]
* [ Mother, 36, and son, 19, who fell in love when they met last year after she gave him up for adoption as a baby, say they'll go to JAIL to defend their relationship www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3725551/Mother-36-son-19-fell-love-met-year-gave-adoption-baby-say-willing-risk-JAIL-defend-love.html ]
* [Social Security System : Aquino explains veto: SSS viability in danger http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/755557/aquino-explains-veto-sss-viability-in-danger]
* [Palace Releases Conflicting Data on SSS Deficit http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/01/16/1543110/palace-releases-conflicting-data-sss-deficit]
* [ How did 168 conquistadors take down the Incan empire http://history.howstuffworks.com/history-vs-myth/conquistador-incan-empire3.htm]
* [ Alien Implants http://ascensionglossary.com/index.php/Alien_Implants]
* [Cult Leader Charged http://www.philstar.com/metro/2014/10/07/1377295/cult-leader-charged-child-abuse]
* [Filipino Man Claims Death Threats from Powerful Christian Church http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/filipino-man-claims-death-threats-from-members-of-powerful-christian-church-1.3590301]
* [Cult Education Institute Appointed Sons Pastor Apollo C. Quiboloy of the Kingdom of Jesus Christ the Name Above Every Name https://culteducation.com/group/1289-general-information/8621-of-appointed-sons-and-the-second-coming.html]
* [Mother Theresa was No Saint Huffington post http://www.huffingtonpost.com/krithika-varagur/mother-teresa-was-no-saint_b_9470988.html]
* [The pope beatifies Mother Teresa, a fanatic, a fundamentalist, and a fraud. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/fighting_words/2003/10/mommie_dearest.html]
* [Mother Theresa a friend of Poverty not of the poor http://www.independent.ie/opinion/columnists/carol-hunt/mother-teresa-a-friend-of-poverty-not-of-the-poor-34301299.html]
* [The Petition of March 1888 National historic Comission of the Philippines http://nhcp.gov.ph/the-petition-of-march-1888/]

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Here are the important and significant events that happened in the [[Philippines]] in 2016.


==Incumbent Government Leaders==
*President:
**[[Benigno Simeon Aquino III]] ([[Liberal Party]] LP) (until June 30)
**[[Rodrigo Duterte]] ([[PDP-Laban]]) (from June 30)
*Vice President:
**[[Jejomar Binay]] ([[United Nationalist Alliance]] UNA) (until June 30)
**[[Leni Gerona-Robredo]] (LP) (from June 30)
*Congress:
**[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate]] President
***16th Congress: [[Franklin Drilon]] (Liberal) (until July 25)
***17th Congress: [[Aquilino Pimentel III]] (PDP-Laban) (from July 25)
**[[House of Representatives|House]] Speaker:
***16th Congress: [[Feliciano R. Belmonte, Jr.]] (Liberal) (until July 25)
***17th Congress: [[Pantaleon Alvarez]] (PDP-Laban) (from July 25)
*[[Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court]]: [[Maria Lourdes Sereno]]


==Notable events==
1. Miss Universe Pia Wurtzbach returns home
More than a month after Miss Universe 2015 [[Pia Wurtzbach]] was crowned in Las Vegas on December 21, she was finally home from the United States. She broke the country's 42-year drought by bringing home the crown. [[Gloria Diaz]] was the last Filipina to win the crown in 1969.

Upon arriving at the [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] (NAIA), Wurtzbach faced the media and gave a short message to her supporters. Her homecoming special was full with activities: grand parade, courtesy calls, and a homecoming special at the [[Smart Araneta Coliseum]].


2. Japanese Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko's five-day state visit in Manila
Other than to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Japan-Philippines diplomatic relations, Japanese Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko went to the Philippines to further deepen the ties of the two countries.

On 27 January 2016, Japanese Emperor Akihito held a private meeting with President Aquino. They discussed Metro Manila traffic and Japanese brands popular at the local scene.

The Imperial couple paid respects to Japanese war dead in Caliraya, Laguna and visited the [[International Rice Research Institute]] (IRRI) also in Laguna.

Japan, the Philippines' biggest trade partner and largest source of Official Development Assistance, has provided the country more than USD 20 billion in foreign aid since the 1960s.

Filipino “[[Comfort Women|comfort women]]” staged a protest in Manila amid the state visit to demand an official apology and compensation for the alleged sexual abuse committed by the Japanese soldiers against them before and during the [[Second World War]].


3. PHL as host to World Street Food Congress 2016
For the first time in three years, the WSFC was held outside Singapore, and the Philippines was chosen as the foodie ground in 2016. WSFC is an event that aims to promote Asian heritage street food culture and preserve the treasure. 25 quality hawker food stalls by top street food chefs from the Philippines, India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, and U.S. Prepared various dishes during the five-day event. Dishes were priced from Php 200 onwards.

There were also food demonstrations and live music from Up Dharma Down, Overtone band, DJ Nina Saputil, Iscool Boys, DJ Gavin, DJ Kouta, and Adinkra Lumads. Food-related personalities and bloggers from Asia also shared their insights on WSFC 2016's theme, “The Comforting Flavours of Home.” Among the list of notable speakers included [http://cnnphilippines.com/lifestyle/2016/02/24/World-Street-Food-Congress-Philippines-WSFC-BGC.html Filipino blogger Anton Diaz, the man behind ''Our Awesome Planet'', plus ''Masterchef Asia'' first season winner Woo Wai Leong, and award-winning chef and TV personality Ian Kittichai].

The WSFC Awards Committee named the Best 20 Street Food Masters, Best Street Food City, Best Street Food Concept/Restaurant, Best Writer/Commentator/Blogger, and Best Publication shortly after the World Street Food Congress.


4. Pac-Man's final fight
The ''Pambansang Kamao'', [[Manny Pacquiao|Manny Pacquiao's]] (58-6-2, 38 KOs), final fight went out with a near-vintage performance. He knocked Timothy Bradley Jr. twice, in the seventh and ninth rounds and won via unanimous decision on 9 April 2016. He brought the curtain down on his legendary, 21-year career with 116-110 on all three judges' scorecards.

He intends to retire to a life of charitable work and politics in the Philippines. After serving two terms in the Congress, he was favored to win one of the 12 seats in the Senate.


5. Filipino student wins 1st in NASA competition
Jose Marie Tuason and his team won First Place at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Breakthrough, Innovative and Game-changing (BIG) Idea Challenge. Tuason is a Filipino student taking up Aerospace Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. They designed the Cable-Controlled Aeroshell Deceleration System to solve the need for an inflatable heat shield technology.


6. NASA launches first Pinoy-made satellite ‘Diwata’
NASA launched the first Pinoy-made microsatellite Diwata-1 as part of the payload of private aerospace company Orbital ATK's Cygnus spacecraft. It stayed on board the International Space Station until the end of April and was launched into space at an altitude of 400 kilometers above the Earth's surface. Once in orbit, it started to monitor weather patterns and crop health, among other tasks. Diwata-1 is equipped with four cameras and will pass by the country twice everyday, with each pass lasting 6 minutes. It is also equipped with a telescope to make structures as small as 3 meters on the ground. Calibrations of the satellite were done witin the control stations in [[University of the Philippines, Diliman]] and Tohoku university in Japan.


7. PSE named 2015 best stock exchange in Southeast Asia
The [[Philippine Stock Exchange]] (PSE) was named the Best Stock Exchange in Southeast Asia for 2015 in the Marquee Awards of the 9th Alpha Southeast Asia Deal & Solution Awards. Marquee Awards cited PSE's accomplishments: corporate governance programs, shift to PSEtrade XTS trading engine, the stellar climb of the PSE index to the 8,000 level in April 2015 and the capital raising activity in the local bourse.


8. New President and Vice President
On June 30, 2016, [[Rodrigo Duterte]] and [[Leni Robredo]] were inaugurated as the 16th President of the Philippines and 14th Vice President of the Philippines, respectively. They were sworn into office separately.


9. Olympics



==In the news==
===January===
*January 1: The [[Iglesia ni Cristo]] (INC) claimed three new Guinness World Records during the “Countdown to 2016” New Year event at the [[Philippine Arena]] in [[Bulacan]]. They won the titles for the Largest Fireworks Display, Longest Line of Sparklers Lit in a Relay, and Most Sparklers Lit Simultaneously.
*January 4: The [[Sandiganbayan]] Special Second Division ordered Alfonso Lim Sr., a crony of the late President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] and owner of the Taggat Industries, to return to government all properties he acquired through favored timber concessions of 600,000 hectares of the country's forest cover.<br>In October 1991, [[Presidential Commission on Good Government]] (PCGG) accused Lim of collusion with Marcos and former First Lady [[Imelda Marcos]] to obtain several timber concessions. Under the 1973 Constitution, only 100,000 hectares of land is allowable. Lim was accused of holding 533,880 hectares of land under seven corporations.<br>The court also ordered the return of two sequestered aircrafts registered in the name of Taggat Industries.
*January 7: The Sandiganbayan denied the bail petition of Senator [[Jinggoy Estrada]] in connection with his alleged involvement in the [[10 billion pork barrel scam]]. The Sandiganbayan Fifth Division found the prosecution's pieces of evidence strong enough to deny Estrada's plea to be released on bail. [[Janet Napoles|Janet Lim Napoles']] petition for bail has also been denied.
*January 8: The [[Department of Foreign Affairs]] (DFA) filed a diplomatic protest against China's test flights in the Kagitingan Reef. Foreign Ministry Spokesman Charles Jose described said test flights as “provocative actions” that may restrict the freedom of navigation and overflights in the South China Sea.
*January 12: The [[Supreme Court of the Philippines]] (SC) declared constitutional the PH-US Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) which was signed in 2014 under the [[Benigno Simeon Aquino III|Aquino]] administration.
*January 13: Based on the recommendation of the City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (CDRRMC), [[Zamboanga City]] was placed under a state of calamity due to the effects of [[El Niño]]. El Nino's estimated damage to agriculture in the city was at Php 10.8 million.
*January 15: [[Abu Sayyaf]] bandit Munap Saimaran, with aliases of Mentang Abdul Munap and Said, was arrested near the city hall along Pablo Lorenzo street. He was tagged in the Sipadan kidnapping in April 2000 and was charged with 21 counts of kidnapping and serious illegal detention in connection with the said kidnapping. Twenty-one tourists (9 Malaysians, 10 Europeans) and 2 Filipino staff were taken from a resort in Sipadan, Sabah and brought to Sulu where they were held captive for five months. They were released in batches after millions of dollars in ransom were paid.
*January 19: The provincial government of [[North Cotabato]] has placed its entire area under state of calamity after damages due to [[El Niño]]. According to Provincial Agriculturist Engr. Eliseo Mangliwan, the dry spell has damaged 27,558.55 hectares of farm crops amounting to Php 238,017,916.35. The effects of El Niño was compounded by rat infestation. The declaration of the state of calamity allowed the provincial government to utilize its five percent calamity fund.
*January 20: Expelled INC minister Lowell Menorca II was arrested by Manila police over a libel case filed against him in [[Marawi City]]. He was arrested hours before he was set to appear before the [[Court of Appeals]] for the petitions for writs of habeas corpus and amparo that he filed against the religious sect.<br><br>The Office of the Ombudsman ordered the dismissal from service of [[Quezon City]] councilors Roderick Paulate and Francisco Calalay and two other city officials over the alleged hiring of “ghost employees” in 2010. They were found guilty of falsification of official documents, serious dishonesty and grave misconduct. Aside from their dismissal, they were also meted with accessory penalties of perpetual disqualification from holding public office, cancellation of eligibility, and forfeiture of retirement benefits.
*January 22: Lt. Col. Ferdinand Marcelino, former head of the Special Enforcement Service of the [[Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency]] (PDEA) in the mid-2000s), was arrested in a buy-bust operation in a shabu laboratory in Sta. Cruz, Manila. [[National Bureau of Investigation]] (NBI) agents seized shabu worth Php 3 billion and arrested six Chinese national in the raid.<br><br>[[Department of Justice]] (DOJ) Secretary [[Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa]] was appointed as the new Associate Justice of [[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court]].
*January 24-31: The 51st International Eucharistic Congress (IEC) was held in [[Cebu]]. About 907,641 people attended the week-long event. IEC is a gathering of clergy, religious, and laity to bear witness to the Real Presence of Jesus in the Eucharist.
*January 26: The Senate Blue Ribbon subcommittee concluded its hearings on the corruption allegations against Vice President and UNA presidential candidate [[Jejomar Binay]]. According to Atty. Rico Quicho, Binay's spokesman for political concerns, "After more than a year of hearings, the subcommittee merely got hearsay evidence. As highlighted by the testimonies of the alleged resource persons, these are all hearsay and they have no personal knowledge...We are fairly confident that this will not stand under judicial scrutiny." He added that [http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/01/26/16/after-25-hearings-senate-subpanel-wraps-up-probe-vs-binay the complaints filed against Binay before the Ombudsman are still under investigation and cannot be considered charges filed before courts].
*January 31: According to the latest report by the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ), the Philippines placed second in the list of the most dangerous places for journalists. Iraq topped the list with 309 killings, the Philippines with 146 killings, and Mexico with 120.


===February===
*February 1: The Makati Regional Trial Court Branch 142 issued a warrant of arrest against Senator and Vice Presidential candidate [[Antonio Trillanes IV]] over the libel case filed by dismissed Makati Mayor Jejomar Binay, Jr. Trillanes posted bail 8 days after.
*February 5: The Volunteers Against Crime and Corruption (VACC) filed a usurpation case against former [[Philippine National Police]] (PNP) Chief [[Alan Purisima]] for allegedly usurping official functions in his involvement in the [[Mamasapano clash]]. In a complaint, VACC accused Purisima of illegally acting as a person in authority in Oplan Wolverine while under preventive suspension. He was suspended in December 2014 over the allegedly anomalous 2011 PNP courier service contract.<br><br>A state of calamity was declared in the province of [[Maguindanao]] to hasten the delivery of humanitarian services to communities affected by the dry spell. According to Maguindanao Governor Esmael Mangudadatu, crop damage was estimated to be at Php 120 million before the end of January. He added that rats also destroyed rice and corn farms in the province.
*February 9: Hassan Indal alias Abu Hazam, a top leader of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom (BIFF), was arrested by combined elements of the police intelligence and Army Special Forces. Indal is BIFF's vice chair for internal affairs, and commander of its 4th Division.
*February 10: The [[National Mapping and Resource Information Authority]] (NAMRIA) discovered 400 more islands in the country. The Philippines may now have more than 7,500 islands in total since the official count of 7,107 islands in 1945 by the Gazetteer of the Philippine Islands. The agency discovered the additional islands using the interferomic synthetic aperture radar (ISFAR) technology conducted in 2013. According to NAMRIA deputy administrator Jose Cabanayan Jr., the majority of the newly-discovered islands are found in [[Mindanao]]. Of the thousand islands in the country, 2,000 islands are inhabited while 5,000 others still have no names.
*February 16: Six policemen were killed and eight were wounded in a clash with suspected members of the [[New People's Army]] (NPA) in Baggao, Cagayan. The policemen was in the area because of an incident of torching involving suspected rebels. However, they were ambushed by the rebels.
*February 18: The point-to-point (P2P) premium bus service for persons with disabilities (PWDs) completed its first trip from [[Quezon City]] to [[Makati]]. The bus has low floors and a built-in ramp. It has room for eight wheelchairs and can accommodate 39 passengers. The P2P bus travels from QC to Ortigas and from QC to Makati. The [[Department of Transportation and Communications]] (DOTC) aims that 10 percent of all units of bus companies are PWD-friendly.
*February 19: The Office of the Ombudsman formally filed graft charges against dismissed Makati Mayor Junjun Binay before the Sandiganbayan over the alleged overpriced construction of the Php 2.28 billion Makati City Hall Parking Building.
*February 26: Government troops carried out clearing operations inside the main camp of Jemaah Islamiyah-affiliated Maute group in Butig, Lanao del Sur after the military occupied the latter's headquarters the day before. According to Colonel Noel Detoyato, head of the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] (AFP) public affairs office, three bodies belonging to members of the Maute group were recovered. Also recovered were two M-16 rifles, one rocket-propelled grenade (RPG) and a homemade M-50 sniper rifle. On the other side, three soldiers had been killed while 11 had been wounded.
*February 29: [[Department of National Defense]] (DND) Secretary [[Voltaire Gazmin]] and Japanese Ambassador to the Philippines Kazuhide Ishikawa signed an agreement that will allow Japan to transfer defense equipment to the Philippines. The defense equipment cooperation, which is a sign of a strong defense cooperation between the two countries, will contribute in enhancing the defense capabilities of the AFP. According to DND Spokesperson Dr. Peter Paul Galvez, a reconnaissance aircraft might be one of the possible equipment Japan will transfer to the Philippines.<br><br>Marking the 60th death anniversary of the late President [[Elpidio Quirino]], his remains was transferred from the South Cemetery in Makati to the [[Libingan ng mga Bayani]] in [[Taguig]]. Quirino was the third president to be buried at the Libingan ng mga Bayani. He joined former Presidents [[Carlos P. Garcia]] and [[Diosdado Macapagal]].


===March===
*March 1: A gunman attacked and wounded Saudi preacher Aaidh Al-Qarni and religious attache Turki Assaegh before being killed by policemen in [[Zamboanga City]]. The victims were taken to a hospital for treatment and declared out of danger. The motive for the attack was not immediately clear.
*March 3: Ombudsman [[Conchita Carpio-Morales]] charged 5 ex-congressmen for [[Priority Development Assistance Fund|PDAF]] [[10 billion pork barrel scam|scam]]. Charged with cases of graft and corruption, malversation, and bribery were: Rozzano Rufino Biazon (Muntinlupa City), Rodolfo Valencia (1st district of Oriental Mindoro), Marc Douglas Cagas IV (1st district of Davao del Sur), Arrel Olaño (1st district of Davao del Norte) and Arthur Pingoy Jr (2nd district of South Cotabato).
*March 5: The Ombudsman ordered the dismissal of [[Valenzuela City]] Mayor [[Rex Gatchalian]] and 6 others over the deadly blaze that hit footwear factory Kentex Manufacturing Corporation that killed at least 72 people in May 2015. The following were found guilty of grave misconduct and gross neglect of duty: Valenzuela Mayor Rexlon Gatchalian, Valenzuela Business Permit and Licensing Office (BPLO) Officer-in-Charge Renchie May Padayao, BPLO Licensing Officer IV Eduardo Carreon, Valenzuela City Fire Marshal F/Superintendent Mel Jose Lagan, Fire Safety Chief F/Senior Inspector Edgrover Oculam, Fire Safety Inspector SF02 Rolando Avendan, and Fire officer Ramon Maderazo. They were ordered dismissed from service, with accessory penalties of forfeiture of benefits and privileges and perpetual disqualification from holding public office. Also charged were officers of the [[Bureau of Fire Protection]] and officers of Kentex. However, Gatchalian was able to secure a temporary restraining order stopping the Ombudsman's dismissal order.<br><br>The North Korean freighter M/V Jin Teng, which was seized on February 27, 2016, was released and left the country after no contraband was found onboard and the ship was cleared by the United Nations. It was on the port of Subic was unloading palm kernels when it was seized. The UNSC issued Resolution 2270 calling for its freeze but later delisted it from the resolution. UN sanctions punish North Korea after its fourth nuclear test in January and blacklisted 31 ships owned by North Korean shipping firm Ocean Maritime Management Company (OMM) to starve North Korea of money for its nuclear weapons program.
*March 8: SC reversed the disqualification case of Senator [[Grace Poe]] from the 2016 Presidential elections. The tribunal sitting en banc granted Poe's petitions against the [[Commission on Elections]] (Comelec) decisions in December which cancelled her certificate of candidacy (COC) for president.
*March 15: SC dismissed bid to stop implementation of the [[Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program|K-12 law]], a national 12-year basi education program. Petitions were filed before the high court to nullify the said law. Petitioners include Council of Teachers and Staff of Colleges and Universities of the Philippines (CoTeSCUP), Sentro ng mga Nagkakaisang Progresibong mga Manggagawa (SENTRO), Federation of Free Workers (FFW), National Confederation of Labor (NCL), Senator and Vice Presidential aspirant Antonio Trillanes IV and the Magdalo Partylist, the Suspend K-12 Coalition led by Prof. Rene Tadle of the Council of Teachers and staff of Colleges and Universities in the Philippines, National Artists Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera, Representatives Antonio Tinio (ACT Teachers’ Partylist), Neri Colmenares and Carlos Zarate (Bayan Muna Partylist), Emmi De Jesus and Luz Ilagan (Gabriela Partylist), Fernando “Ka Pando” Hicap (Anakpawis Partylist) and Terry Ridon (Kabataan Partylist).They argued that the said law was approved without massive consultations;” and makes education “inaccessible” to all, especially to lower-income Filipinos; and causes the displacement of tens of thousands of teaching and non-teaching personnel. The high court continues to weigh in on the petitions and rule on its merits.<br><br>The first hearing on the [[RCBC money-laundering scam|Bangladesh Bank fund heist]] was conducted by the Senate Blue Ribbon Committee. The Bangladesh Bank governor resigned while 3 of his subordinates were fired. PhilRem President Salud Bautista claimed that Deguito instructed her to personally deliver Php 600 million and USD 18 million in cash to Weikang Xu in Solaire Resort and Casino.
*March 16: [[Bureau of Internal Revenue]] (BIR) employee Rhodora Alvarez filed a plunder complaint against several officials of the [[Department of National Defense]] (DND) including Defense Secretary [[Voltaire Gazmin]] and the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] (AFP) over a Php 1.2 billion helicopter deal in 2013. They were also accused with graft, malversation of public funds, violations of Republic Act 9184 or the Government Procurement Reform Act and R.A. 7898 or the AFP Modernization Act, and of committing an administrative offense of gross dishonesty. Alvarez said Gazmin and other DND and AFP officials in 2013 awarded the Php 1.21-billion contract to the joint venture of RASI and Eagle Copters without holding the required public bidding. The contract was for the supposed purchase of 21 UH-1D or Huey helicopters, including spare parts as part of the AFP modernization program. However, only 10 helicopters were delivered and most of them have defective engines and insufficient spare parts and accessories. One of them even crashed in November 2015.<br><br>Disqualified [[Laguna]] governor Emilio Ramon Ejercito and eight other individuals were charged with graft before the Sandiganbayan over an alleged anomalous insurance deal entered in 2008. They allegedly gave“unwarranted benefit, advantage and preference” to FRCV by entering into a memorandum of agreement (MOA) with the company on October 23, 2008 without holding the required public bidding. The MOA was for the “accident protection and financial assistance” coverage of tourists and qualified boatmen plying the route to and from the Pagsanjan Gorge Tourist Zone. The deal was said to be awarded to FRCV despite the fact that it has no license or certificate of authority from the Insurance Commission to engage in the insurance business.
*March 18: Former [[Camarines Norte]] Governor Casimiro Padilla Jr. has been arrested and turned over to the anti-graft court. He was convicted of malversation of public property in 2012 as he failed to return to the [[Philippine National Police]] (PNP) the service firearm issued to him in 1992.
*March 21: UNESCO, United Nation's cultural body, added [[Albay]] as one of the 20 additions to its network of protected biosphere nature reserves. According to UNESCO, of Albay's 182 terrestrial plant species, 46 are endemic. It added that, "Its marine and coastal ecosystems number 12 species of mangrove, 40 species of seaweed or macro-algae, and 10 species of sea grass. Five of the world's seven species of marine turtles are to be found in Albay."
*March 22: The Sandiganbayan Second Division dismissed the graft case against [[Government Service Insurance System]] (GSIS) former president and general manager Winston Garcia. Sandigan cited the Office of the Ombudsman's delay in the investigation and filing of the case. Garcia was charged over the alleged anomalous awarding of a multimillion-peso electronic membership card (e-Card) project in 2004 allegedly without complying with the requirements and procedures under the Government Procurement Reform Act. The project, which was awarded to Union Bank of the Philippines, was aimed to provide easier and paperless transactions for GSIS members in their application for and withdrawal of loans and benefits.<br><br>The [[Court of Appeals]] (CA) junked Junjun Binay's case versus former [[Department of Interior and Local Government|interior]] secretary [[Mar Roxas]], Ombudsman [[Conchita Carpio-Morales]], former [[Department of Justice|justice]] Secretary [[Leila de Lima]], and 5 others. The appellate court said that the case “lacks merit” and that the respondents were just performing their duty in implementing the suspension order against the dismissed Makati mayor. Binay had asked the CA to cite the respondents in contempt as they defied the court's temporary restraining order (TRO) against his first preventive suspension order over the alleged overpricing of the [[Makati City]] Hall Parking Building II.
*March 23: President Aquino created the National Task Force for the West Philippine Sea to achieve unified action in finding the resolution to the country's territorial dispute with China on the West Philippine Sea. The task force is headed by the National Security Adviser with representatives from other government agencies as members.
*March 25: Customs at the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen destoryed 34.78 tons of “substandard bananas” worth USD 33,000 and imported from the Philippines were mashed and buried due to excessive pesticide use. The sampling test indicated that the carbendazim in the said bananas exceeded China's standard limits for pesticide residue in food. China urge the Philippines to take measure to ensure the quality and safety of the exported bananas to China.
*March 26: A raging fire at [[Mount Apo]] started at Campsite 3 along the Digos-Kapatagan trail. It forced hundreds of people to flee from the peak by foot. About 350 hectares of forests and grasslands were eaten up by the fire. Mount Apo, which is 3,142 meters above sea level, is home to forest reserves. It is also the breeding ground for the Philippines' national bird, the Philippine monkey-eating eagle. The city government of [[Kidapawan]] ordered the closure of Mt. Apo for three to five years.
*March 27: Anonymous Philippines hacked the website of Comelec. It said that it wants Comelec to implement the security features of the vote-counting machines (VCMs). The site was restored early morning of the following day.
*March 28: Presidential adviser on environmental concerns and [[Laguna Lake Development Authority]] (LLDA) general manager Nereus Acosta was sentenced to a maximum of 10 years imprisonment after he was found guilty of graft in connection with the misuse of his pork barrel funds as district representative of [[Bukidnon]]. He was also ordered perpetually disqualified from holding public office.<br><br>Several piles of license plate sheets worth millions of pesos were stolen from the [[Quezon City]] central office of the [[Land Transportation Office]] (LTO) during the Holy week break. LTO spokesperson Jason Salvador did not disclose the details of how the theft occurred but the agency asked help from the QC police and the [[National Bureau of Investigation]] (NBI) to look into the incident. LTO appealed to the public to report instances of selling or trading plates stolen from them.
*March 29: [[Abu Sayyaf]] militants kidnapped Indonesian crew members on board a tugboat. They were operating a privately owned Taiwanese tugboat on its way from Jakarta to Manila when they were hijacked near the Malaysian border. Abu Sayyaf demanded an undisclosed ransom amount from the boat's owners. They were released in Jolo on May 1. They were in “good condition” and were expected to arrive in Jakarta on the same day.
*March 30: The Office of the Ombudsman filed graft and technical malversation charges against Senator JV Ejercito over the alleged purchase of high-powered firearms worth Php 2.1 million during his term as mayor of [[San Juan City]]. Also charged with Ejercito were 19 former and incumbent officials of San Juan.
*March 31: After learning that the money was part of the [[RCBC money-laundering scam]], Eastern Hawaii Leisure Company president and general manager Kam Sin Wong (Kim Wong) handed over to the [[Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas]] (BSP) the USD 4.6 million. On April 4, he turned over an additional Php 38.28 million to the [[Anti-Money Laundering Council]] (AMLC) office. On April 19, his company turned over Php 200 million to the AMLC.<br><br>Addong Salahuddin, alias “Addong Salapuddin”, a suspect in the bombing incident at the Zamboanga City Airport in August 2010, surrendered to the [[National Bureau of Investigation]] (NBI). Salahuddin, a suspect in the bombing incident where two people were killed and 28 others injured including former Sulu Governor Abdusakur Tan. He is allegedly a fighter of the [[Moro National Liberation Front]] (MNLF). He said that he surrendered because he was bothered by his conscience. He said that he was ordered by “Imam Kasim” to execute the attack. But the latter has already died. The NBI is still in the process of verifying the authenticity of Salahuddin's details about the incident.<br><br>For failure to exhaust all available administrative remedies, the [[Court of Appeals]] (CA) did not allow the [[Philippine Heart Center]] (PHC) to be exempted from payment of real property tax. PHC seeks to be exempted from payment of unpaid real property taxes in 2004 amounting to Php 36.5 million. It invoked an exemption granted to it by the late President [[Ferdinand Marcos]]. CA, however, stressed that the PHC should have filed the petition before the Quezon City Local Board of Assessment Appeals (LBAA), then to the Central Board of Assessment Appeals (CBAA), and to the Court of Tax Appeals (CTA).


===April===
*April 1: Farmers in [[North Cotabato]], who had been experiencing severe hunger because of the drought affecting their crops, were demanding immediate release of calamity aid from the local government. As a sign of protest, they blocked several roads in Kidapawan including the Davao-Cotabato Highway. They were dispersed and things went violent. According to Spokesperson Wilben Mayor, two protesters died and more than 10 others were injured. 99 police officers were injured, two of them are in critical condition. Some groups, however, claimed that three protesters were killed, 116 wounded and 78 arrested in the violent dispersal.<br><br>The [[Department of Education]] (DepEd) launched online safety manuals for public school students. In partnership with Stairway Foundation, DepEd said its manuals will guide and protect the Filipino children in the use of the internet.<br><br> A 10-hour fire hit the UP Faculty Center, where a wealth of books, research, and archival materials went up in flames. The fire broke out early Friday morning in a room on the third floor of Bulwagang Rizal, a 5-decade-old structure. It was used by faculty members of the College of Arts and Letters (CAL) and College of Social Science and Philosophy (CSSP). 50 fire trucks responded to the alarm and the fire was declared out at 11:25 a.m. There were no reported injuries except for a fireman who sustained a cut in the hand. The damage was estimated to be at Php 3 million. However, UP Diliman Chancellor Michael Tan and members of the UP community said that personal treasures that enrich academic life in the state university were also reduced to ashes.
*April 2: A power outage hit the [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] (NAIA) Terminal 3 and caused a disruption in the processing of passengers. The brownout started at 8 p.m. Electricity was restored in some areas of the terminal briefly, and again plunged into darkness at 9 p.m. Power was restored at 2 a.m.
*April 4: The Olongapo Regional Trial Court Branch 74 denied the petition of US Marine Joseph Scott Pemberton to reverse his conviction for homicide. He was the suspect in the killing of Filipino transgender woman [[Jennifer Laude]]. The court also denied the US Marine's bail petition but lowered his jail sentence from 12 to 10 years. However, Atty. Harry Roque stressed that Pemberton is still not able to request for parole. He also said that the family of Laude hope that the incident will urge authorities to review the [[Visiting Forces Agreement]] (VFA). The court also ordered Pemberton to pay Laude's heirs Php 4.32 million for loss of earning capacity, Php 155,250 as reimbursement for wake and burial expenses, Php 50,000 for moral damages, and Php 30,000 for exemplary damages.
*April 5: Former [[Philippine National Police]] (PNP) chief [[Alan Purisima]] and ex-[[Special Action Force]] (SAF) director Getulio Napeñas were indicted for the [[Mamasapano clash]] that saw 44 SAF troopers killed. The two face charges of usurpation of authority or official functions and violation of Section 3 of the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act. Other PNP officials namely : Fernando Mendez, Jr., Noli Taliño, Richard Dela Rosa, Edgar Monsalve, Abraham Abayari, Raymund Agustin Train, Michael John Mangahis, Rey Ariño and Recaredo Marasigan were ordered dismissed. Purisima and Napeñas were also found administratively liable for Grave Misconduct, Gross Neglect of Duty and Conduct Prejudicial to the Best Interest of the Service. They were also meted the accessory penalties of perpetual disqualification for reemployment in the government service, forfeiture of retirement benefits and cancellation of eligibility.<br><br>[[Cebu]] District Representative Gwendolyn Garcia and 11 other former officials were indicted over the alleged anomalous construction of the Php 833 million [[Cebu International Convention Center]] (CICC) in 2006. They were charged with violation of Section 3 (e) of the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act. Based on the Ombudsman's investigation, Garcia and her co-accused violated several government procurement rules in the contstruction of the convention center in 2006 during her term as Governor of Cebu. It was alleged that she resorted to alternative methods of procurement instead of public bidding for contracts amounting to a total of Php 425.6 million awarded to WTCI.
*April 6: iBalik ang Bilyones ng Mamamayan (iBBM) filed a complaint for plunder against Senator [[Ferdinand Marcos Jr.]] for his alleged involment in the [[10 billion pork barrel scam]]. The complaint stemmed from Marcos' alleged allocation of Php 205 million worth of his [[Priority Development Assistance Fund]] (PDAF) to the six of the alleged fake non-government organizations (NGOs) allegedly owned by [[Janet Napoles]]. The money was released to the Napoles-linked NGOs through nine Special Allotment Release Order (SAROs) issued from October 2011 to January 2013. The iBBM attached in its complaint the printed copies of files from the ledger of [[Benhur Luy]], the primary state witness of the pork barrel scam.
*April 7: A month before the 2016 national elections, Teodoro Misael Daniel Llamanzares, husband of aspiring president Senator [[Grace Poe]], renounced his American citizenship before Barangay Greenhills chairman Carlos Alan Tañada Yam. He also filed an oath of allegiance before the barangay chairman.
*April 8: Italain national and former priest Rolando Del Torchio, who was abducted in Dipolog City, Zamboanga Del Norte in October 2015, was released by lawless elements suspected to be of the [[Abu Sayyaf]] group. Del Torchio was recovered by the elements of Sulu PPO, Coast Guard, PNP Maritime, Anti-Kidnapping Group (AKG), and Joint Task Force Sulu (JTFS) at Jolo Port inside M/V KC Beatrice bound for Zamboanga City. Del Torchio had been targeted by kidnap-for-ransom groups several times when he was still an active priest.<br><br>The provincial government of [[Bohol]] declared a state of calamity due to the effects of [[El Niño]]. The damage to agriculture and fishery has reached more than Php 312 million and has affected 40,088 farmers in 27 municipalities in the province. Assistant provincial agriculturist Larry Pamugas said that there was a decrease in the production of dairy products due to El Niño and the supply of potable water in some areas in the province was also affected.
*April 9: The Supreme Court decided with finality and allowed Senator [[Grace Poe]] to run for president. The SC threw out reconsideration pleas that the Comelec and critics had filed to push for her disqualification.<br><br>During a clash between government troops and the Abu Sayyaf in Tipo-Tipo, [[Basilan]], at least 18 soldiers and five bandits were killed. According to Western Mindanao Command (WesMinCom) spokesperson Maj. Filemon Tan, more than 50 other soldiers were wounded. Tan said that five ASG fighters were killed including Morrocan national and suspected foreign terrorist Mohammad Khattab and Ubaid Hapilon, the son of Abu Sayyaf senior leader Isnilon Hapilon. 20 Abu Sayyaf extremists were injured during the clash, including senior leader Radzmil Jannatul.
*April 11: President Aquino led the groundbreaking ceremony of Clark Green City, the country's first smart, green, and disaster-resilient metropolis in Capas, [[Tarlac]]. He laid the time capsule of the 9,450-hectare property where the Clark Green City will rise. It will have an industrial zone and a mixed-use development with residential, office, commercial and institutional elements. It will cater to 1.12 million residents and 800,000 workers.<br><br>Cebu was declared under a state of calamity due to El Niño to pave the way for the release of the provincial government's Php 33 million calamity fund as barangay suffered from water shortages due to the long dry spell. Provincial board member, Alex Binghay, who authored the resolution, said that they will do anything to prevent a recurrence of the farmers' protest and the subsequent violent dispersal in Kidapawan in April.
*April 13: The Sandiganbayan Fifth Division granted the petitions for bail of former APEC party-list Representative Edgar Valdez and the alleged mastermind of the pork barrel scam Janet Napoles. Bail was set at Php 1.5 million each. According to the Fifth Division, the prosecution failed to prove that Valdez received from Napoles the amount of kickbacks alleged in the charge sheet or at least the threshold amount of Php 50 million for a crime to be considered as plunder. The anti-graft court's Fourth Division also granted [[Masbate]] Representative and incumbent Governor [[Rizalina Seachon Lañete]] her bail petition in the case. Napoles, Valdez, and Lañete all face plunder charges in connection with the pork barrel scam.
*April 14: Former [[Davao del Sur]] Rep Marc Douglas Cagas IV; former [[Energy Regulatory Commission]] (ERC) chairperson Zenaida Ducut; and 23 other individuals from Technology Resource Center (TRC), [[Department of Budget and Management]] (DBM) and National Agribusiness Corporation (NABCOR) were charged with graft and malversation of public funds in relation with their alleged involvement in the pork barrel scam. Based on the information of the cases, in 2008, Cagas allocated a total of Php 7.550 million of his PDAF for 2008 to two of the alleged fake NGOs allegedly owned by Napoles.
*April 17: Presidential candidate [[Rodrigo Duterte]] refused to apologize after his controversial comments on gang rape. Over the weekend, a video appeared where Duterte joked about the 1989 rape and murder of an Australian missionary that took place in Davao, where he is mayor. His comments refered to an incident at Davao City Jail when inmates took 15 church workers hostage including the Australian lay minister. "I was angry she was raped, yes that was one thing. But she was so beautiful, I think the mayor should have been first. What a waste," he said. However, he claimed that what he said was “gutter language” expressed in anger but declined to apologize for the “rape statement.” He told reporters, "If it brings me down, let it bring me down. If it brings me up to the presidency, then well and good. I will serve you but I will not as a matter of honor apologize for (it)."
*April 19: Former bank security guard Lester Ivan Rivera was sentenced to life imprisonment for the 2011 rape and slaying of [[University of the Philippines Los Baños]] (UPLB) student Given Grace Cebanico. Judge Alberto Serrano of the Calamba Regional Trial Court Branch 92 found Rivera guilty of three counts of rape with homicide and theft and was sentenced to three life imprisonment terms. The verdict was issued more than four years after the incident. Rivera's co-accused, Pervical de Guzman, still awaits the court's verdict.
*April 20: The Sandiganbayan Special Fourth Division acquitted former [[Presidential Commission on Good Government]] (PCGG) chairman Camilo Sabio from graft and malversation of public funds cases. The cases stemmed from his alleged misuse of almost Php 12 million worth of the alleged ill-gotten wealth of the Marcoses, recovered by the PCGG. However, the court said the prosecution failed to present any evidence or witness that would prove that the supposed unremitted amounts went directly to Sabio. According to the prosecution's witnesses, the money was used for PCGG's financial assistance and operating expenses.<br><br>The Php 69.3 billion [[Metro Rail Transit]] (MRT 7) broke ground. The 22-kilometer elevated railway, which is expected to be finished by 2020, will have stations at Quezon-North Avenue, Quezon Memorial Circle, University Avenue, Tandang Sora, Don Antonio, Batasan, Manggahan, Doña Carmen, Regalado, Mindanao Avenue, Quirino, Sacred Heart, Tala and San Jose del Monte. It is a project of the San Miguel Corp. Mass Rail Transit 7 Inc., Hyundai Rotem and EEI consortium.
*April 22: President Aquino appointed Lt. Gen. Glorioso Miranda as the new AFP acting chief and replaced outgoing AFP chief Gen. [[Hernando Iriberri]] who retired after reaching the mandatory retirement age of 56. Mirand will serve only in acting capacity until the next president appoints a new military chief. He is a Scout Ranger, paratrooper, infantry and intelligence officer with commando training in the United Kingdom and Singapore. He previously served as the commander of the military's Northern Luzon Command in Tarlac.
*April 25: Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau confirmed that the decapitated head of a Caucasian male recovered belongs to John Risdel of Calgary, Alberta. He was one of the two Canadians taken hostage by Abu Sayyaf militants in September 2015. The militants had threatened to behead one of their hostages if a large ransom was not paid by 3 p.m. of April 25, 2016. They reportedly demanded Php 300 million for each of the foreigners. Trudeau said his government will work with the PH government and international partners to pursue those responsible for this “heinous act.”
*April 27: With 4-3 votes, Comelec announced the cancellation of mall voting on May 9. According to Comelec chairman Andres Bautista, a legal question came up regarding the number of days of the transfer of a polling precint before election day. He added that stated in the Omnibus Election Code, 45 days before the election, the transfer should already be approved and transferred. A total of 231,174 Filipinos were slated to cast their votes in designated malls for the May 9 elections.


===May===
*May 2: Senator [[Antonio Trillanes IV]] and Atty. Sal Panelo, lawyer of Davao City Mayor [[Rodrigo Duterte]], showed up at the [[Bank of the Philippine Islands]] (BPI) Julia Vargas Branch in Pasig City in a bid to settle Trillanes' allegation of hidden wealth against the mayor. On the last week of April, Trillanes alleged that Duterte had Php 211 million in undeclared funds in his account at the BPI Julia Vargas branch in 2014. Duterte, who initially denied the account, confirmed that he had a joint account with daughter, Sara, in the BPI Julia Vargas branch. Panelo brought a Special Power of Attorney that requested BPI to give a certification on Duterte's account. Trillanes refused to grant interviews or reveal details about the meeting and said that he will hold a press conference at the Magdalo national headquarters in Quezon City.
*May 5: A television political campaign ad paid for by Senator Trillanes that targeted Duterte drew flak among netizens. The ad showed children reacting to Duterte's controversial remarks and acts. Two days later, Taguig RTC issued a 72-hour TRO that stopped TV stations from airing the ad.
*May 6: Mario Reyes, former mayor of [[Coron]] and one of the two brothers accused of masterminding the 2011 murder of [[Palawan]] journalist and good governance advocate [[Gerry Ortega]], was granted bail at Php 500,000 by [[Puerto Princesa]] RTC Branch 52. Reyes and his brother, former Palawan governor Joel, were named by the hired killers who gunned down Ortega in 2011, as the ones who ordered the hit on the broadcaster. The Reyes brothers fled the country in March 2012 days before the Palawan court issued a warrant for their arrest. They were arrested in Thailand and returned to the Philippines in September 2015. From detention, they ran in Coron's local election and petitioned for bail to campaign before May 9.
*May 9: 54 million Filipinos trooped to their respective precints to cast their votes for the country's next leaders.
*May 11: The Sandiganbayan absolved former Comelec chairman [[Benjamin Abalos]] from graft charges over the USD 329 million ZTE-NBN deal in 2007 as the prosecution failed to prove that Abalos brokered the deal and received kickbacks. Arroyo canceled the project when reports of irregularities surfaced in 2008.
*May 14: Special elections were held in select villages in [[Visayas]] and [[Mindanao]], where Comelec has declared failure of elections. Police and military forces intensified efforts to ensure the peaceful conduct of the special elections.
*May 23: After more than a hundred years after the San Pedro Bell was taken, it was finally home. The 400-year-old Spanish bell was taken away by American soldiers sometime in 1901 during the [[Philippine-American War]]. Made of gold, silver, and copper, the San Pedro Bell and other bells were seized by Americans to prevent Guerillas from melting them down to make guns and other war ammunition. The San Pedro Bell was welcomed by the residents of Bauang in fiesta fashion complete with colorful banderitas and musical performances by a band.
*May 25: Arianwen Rollan, a 17-year-old student from Cebu City National High School, found that Malunggay seed extract may help hamper the growth of tumors. She found out that the extract affects the growth of blood vessels in chick embryos, which essentially starved tumor cells of nutrients. Rollan's research won the Qatar Foundation's First Award for Research and Development in Medical Science at the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). The award came with a USD 1,000 prize. Rollan hopes that her research will pave the way for more research to ultimately find an affordable and accessible anti-tumor treatment. She also hopes that the PH government would establish a special organization with complete facilities to give more attention to these kinds of projects. She also hopes that she will be an example to encourage other young people to leave their own marks in science and research.
*May 31: SC dismissed the plea of defeated senatorial candidate Francisco Tolentino to stop the proclamation of the 10th, 11th, and 12th newly-elected senators because they had already been proclaimed by the Comelect last May 19. According to Tolentino, the three should not yet be proclaimed because of the alleged “data manipulation” and the margin of votes for the candidates was only "in the vicinity of hundred of thousands of votes."


===June===
*June 1: The Office of the Ombudsman ordered the filling of criminal charges against Sherwin Gatchalian, former Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA) chairman of the board [[Prospero Pichay Jr.]] and 24 other former government officials and private individuals for alleged anomalous acquisition of a thrift bank by LWUA in 2009. They were ordered charged before the Sandiganbayan with three counts of violation of the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, three counts of Malversation of Public Funds, and violation of the General Banking Law of 2000 and the Manual Regulation for Banks because of the the acquisition by the LWUA of ESBI, a local thrift bank based in Laguna jointly owned by the FPI and the Gatchalians' WGI in a deal worth P80 million.<br><br>Coinciding with celebrations for its 118th founding anniversary, the [[Philippine Navy]] commissioned a brand new, large ship and launched three newly-acquired landing craft heavy vessels from Australia.<br><br>The Sandiganbayan dismissed the perjury and violation of the code of conduct cases against the late SC Chief Justice [[Renato Corona]] on the ground of his death. The cases stemmed from the latter's alleged misdeclaration of assets in his Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth (SALN) from 2001 to 2011.<br><br>Antipolo RTC Branch 97 acquitted retired Air Force Lt. Col. Eduardo "Red" Kapunan Jr., the principal suspect of the 1986 double killing of labor leader Rolando Olalia and his aide, Leonor Alay-ay. Judge Marie Claire Victoria Mabutas-Sordan dismissed the case on the grounds of insufficiency of the prosecution's evidence. The decision read that no additional evidence was presented by the prosecution. Olalia, a labor leader and his aide, Leonor Alay-ay, were abducted and allegedly tortured then killed by government soldiers in November 1986. The others accused, ex-soldiers Desiderio Perez, Dennis Jabatan and Fernando Cassanova, remain behind bars.<br><br>The Sacred Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) of the Holy See overruled [[Lipa]] Archbishop Ramon Arguelles and rejected his 2012 decree declaring that the alleged Marian apparations in [[Batangas]] in 1948 were authentic. According to Pope Pius XII “the supposed apparitions” “were not of supernatural origin.” Furthermore, the CDF instructed that any and all commissions studying the alleged apparations in the Carmel of Lipa be immediately disbanded. However, Arguelles said that “My hope and prayer is that (the decree) notwithstanding,” he added, “we will never doubt the love of God and the Blessed Mother for all of us.” He also hopes that “zealous (Marian) devotees from the entire world (would) remain steadfast and determined to bring hope and blessings to many in this troubled world.”
*June 2: The LTFRB started phasing out school service vehicles 15 years old and up. An LTFRB memorandum circular issued last year bans the use of 15 years old and up school service vehicles beginning SY 2016-2017 as well as the school's issuance of accreditation to such units. The said actions is part of the LTFRB's efforts to check the road-worthiness of school service vehicles to ensure the safety of the students.
*June 6: Businessman Mel Velarde donated a framed replica of the 1734 Murillo Map that showed [[Scarborough Shoal]] as part of the Philippine archipelago to the Northern Luzon Command (Nolcom) of the AFP. The Murillo Map, also known as “Carta Hydrographica y Chorographica de las Filipinas”, was drawn by Jesuit priest Pedro Murillo Velarde. Published in Manila in 1734, it is the first internationally recognized scientific map of the Philippines. The Philippine Government used it when it filed an arbitration case against China before the Permanent Court of Arbitration in Netherlands. The map shows that the disputed shoal is within the Philippine territory over three centuries ago. Scarborough Shoal is now under the control of China as tensions in the disputed [[West Philippine Sea]] intensify.
*June 8: The Office of the Ombudsman upheld the decision of the Manila Prosecutor's Office dismissing treason and inciting to sedition against Presidential Peace Adviser Teresita Quintos-Deles, peace negotiators Miriam Coronel-Ferrer and Mohagher Iqbal and members of the Bangsamoro Transition Commission (BTC) for lack of evidence and merit. According to the complaint, the accused committed crimes of treason and inciting to sedition by causing the signing of the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro (CAB) and pushing for the passage of the [[2012 Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro|Bangsamoro Basic Law]] (BBL). They said that the passage of BBL would embolden the armed groups to uprising and prevent government in freely exercising its sovereignty over its territory.
*June 9: The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) approved the application of 304 private higher education institutions to increase tuition and other school fees for AY 2016-2017. CHED agreed to hike tuition up to 5 percent of Php 43.39 per unit and other school fees up to 5.41 percent of Php 115.58.
*June 10: [[Mount Bulusan]] in [[Sorsogon]] erupted and spewed ash about two kilometers into the sky. According to the [[Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology]] (Phivolcs), the eruption was steam-driven or phreatic. It was a result of ground water coming into contact with magma. No casualties or damage were reported.
*June 12: Chinese Coast Guard barred members of the Kalayaan Atin Ito Movement from sailing to the Panatag Shoal to put a [[Philippine Flag|Philippine flag]] to celebrate the country's Independence Day and to check if Filipino fishermen were able to freely go and fish in the area. However, they were stopped from proceeding to the shoal because they were warned that they were entering Chinese territory. Five members of the group tried to swim to the lagoon but they were fired by water cannons. China has occupied Panatag Shoal since 2012 and reclaimed the Kalayaan Group of Islands being claimed by the Philippines.
*June 14: The Western Mindanao Command confirmed that Canadian Robert Hall was beheaded by the Abu Sayyaf. Civilians found his severed head near the Jolo Cathedral. His execution came after the 3 P.M. deadline imposed by the bandits for the payment of a Php 300 million ransom. Hall was one of the tourists abducted from a high-end resort on Samal Island in Davao del Norte in September 2015.<br><br>The Supreme Court dismissed a petition that sought to stop the lease of 70,977 optical mark reader (OMR) machines for Php 6.286 billion for the May 2016 elections. Francisco Aguilar Jr. and Guillermo Santos filed the petition against the Comelec because the lease of new OMRs would be unnecessary because the old precint optical scan (PCOS) machines used in previous elections can still be used. However, their petition was dismissed because the polls had already been concluded.<br><br>Two Cessna aircraft sequestered from Alfonso Lim, an alleged crony of the Marcos family, were sold by the Sandiganbayan anti-graft court at Php 140,000. They were sold through a public auction. They were sold to an American national national working at the Subic Bay International Airport.<br><br>SC temporarily stopped the [[Land Transportation Office]] (LTO) from issuing the 700,000 license plates to motorists and from accepting more license plates from the [[Bureau of Customs]] (BOC). Said plates were shipped in 11 container vans but were not claimed by PPI-JKG Philippines Inc. as they were not able to settle the Php 40 million of taxes and duties.<br><br>Eight Philippine universities are included in the 2016 Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) University Rankings on the top 350 universities in Asia. [[University of the Philippines]] (UP) ranked 70th, [[Ateneo de Manila University]] (ADMU) at 99th spot, [[De La Salle University]] (DLSU) at 143rd, and [[University of Santo Tomas]] (UST) at 157th. UST is the lone Philippine university with four QS stars. QS uses nine indicator to rank universities: academic reputation, employer reputation, faculty/student ratio, citations paper, papers per faculty, staff with a doctorate degree, proportion of international faculty and students, and the proportion of inbound and outbound exchange students. It “allows students to get a wider picture of an institution's qualities, looking at everything from employability of graduates, to sports facilities and community engagement.” Siliman University, Xavier University, Ateneo de Davao University and University of San Carlos in Cebu were also part of the list.
*June 15: Informal talks between incoming administration of [[Rodrigo Duterte]] and of the [[Communist Party of the Philippines]]-[[National Democratic Front]] (CPP-NDF) started in Oslo, Norway. Participants included: incoming presidential peace adviser Jesus Dureza and incoming Labor Secretary Silvestre Bello III and CPP-NPA-NDF represented by the organization's founding chairman Jose Maria Sison and Luis Jalandoni.
*June 16: The Sandiganbayan acquitted former [[Philippine Sports Commission]] (PSC) chairman William Ramirez of graft in connection with the alleged anomalous procurement of cycling equipment in 2007 because the prosecution failed to prove that he conspired with the other respondents. It was alleged that Ramirez, gave unwarranted benefit, advantage, and preference to Elixir Sports Company when he awarded the contract for the procurement of cycling equipment worth Php 2,365,981. The equipment was supposed to be used by the Philippine athletes for the 24th Southeast Asian Games in Thailand. However, six of his co-accused were convicted and were sentenced to a minimum of six years to a maximum of 10 years of imprisonment with accessory penalty of perpetual disqualification from holding public office.<br><br>The Comelec granted the request of the [[Liberal Party]] (LP) to be allowed to file their Statement of Contributions and Expenses (SOCEs) beyond the June 8 deadline. They have until June 30 to file their documents. However, according to RA No. 7166, non-filing of SOCEs will bar winning candidates from taking their elective posts.<br><br>[[Malacañang Palace|Malacañang]] temporarily stopped the DOJ from filing criminal charges against 1-Pacman party-list Representative Michael Romero. According to Deputy Executive Secretary for Legal Affairs Mildred Yovela Umali-Hermogenes ordered HCPTI to comment within 15 days on the appeal memorandum filed by Romero and his co-respondents Edwin Jeremillo and Edwin Joseph Galvez. Romero and his two co-respondents were accused of qualified theft over the issuance of eight checks amounting to Php 17.9 million to Romero, Jeremillo, and Galvez in 2007 and 2008.
*June 18: The [[Kanlaon Volcano]] on Negros Island erupted and caused weak emissions of 400-meter to 1,500-meter high plumes, grayish to white in color.
*June 21: The Comelec en banc accepted the resignation of senior Commissioner Christian Robert Lim as head of the Campaign Finance Office (CFO). He tendered his resignation after the “policy shift” which allowed candidates and political parties that failed to meet the June 8 deadline to file their SOCEs. As CFO head, he recommended that the en banc should deny giving an extension as it was “illegal” as it “tantamount to an amendment of the law.” The en banc appointed Comelec executive director Jose Tolentino as officer-in-charge of CFO.
*June 22: The Metro Manila Shake Drill started at 9 A.M. The drill was in preparation for the ever-increasing likelihood of a very strong earthquake to hit Metro Manila. The [[West Valley Fault System]], which runs right through Metro Manila, has produced a major earthquake roughly once evey 400 years. It has been 355 years since the last temblor. Metro Manila has been divided into four quadrants with its own command center: West Quadrant ([[Pasay City]]- [[Cuneta Astrodome]], [[Manila]]- [[University of Santo Tomas]], [[Malabon]]- Ampitheater near City Hall); South Quadrant ([[Makati]]- [[University of Makati]], [[Taguig]]- Cayetano Science HS, [[Pateros]]-near Garden of Memories Cemetery, [[Parañaque]]- Parañaque City Hall, [[Muntinlupa]]- Sucat Posadas Filinvest MTB Trail Sunken Garden); North Quadrant ([[Quezon City]]- [[University of the Philippines, Diliman|UP Diliman]] Campus, [[Valenzuela City]]- Three S Center, Agustin St., [[Caloocan City]]- [[La Loma Cemetery]], [[San Juan City]]- [[Pinaglabanan Shrine]]); East Quadrant ([[Marikina]]- Marikina Boys Town; Red Cross Compound; LRT 2 Santolan Station Depot; Training Center, C. Raymundo; [[Pasig]]- [[Ultra Sports Complex]]).
*June 23: The DOJ dismissed criminal complaints filed by Eloisa Zoleta and her son, American missionary Lane Michael White, against airport employees including four aviation police officers, in connection with the alleged “laglag-bala” extortion scheme at the [[Ninoy Aquino International Aiport]] (NAIA). The DOJ found no probable cause to charge the employees. However, the police officers were accused of robbery/extortion, graft and violation of the law on the rights of detained persons. White was apprehended for allegedly carrying a bullet at the airport. His mother alleged that police officers tried to extort Php 30,000 to Php 80,000 from them.
*June 24: Major Filemon Tan, spokesperson of AFP's Western Mindanao Command (WesMinCom), told reporters that Filipina kidnap victim Marites Flor is in the custody of the Joint Task Force Sulu. She was abducted from a posh resort on Samal Island with Canadians Robert Hall and John Risdel and Norwegian Kjartan Sekkingstad. Hall and Risdel were confirmed beheaded by the rebel group.
*June 25: DOST launched the very first Filipino-made hybrid electric train. It took three years to develop the prototype of the train which is environment-friendly and energy efficient. It uses both diesel and electricity. After the testing stage, the train will run from Tutuban station of PNR to Calamba.



===July===
*July 1: Police Director General Ronald “Bato” Dela Rosa assumed command of the PNP. President Duterte also conferred on Dela Rosa the four-star rank. Before assuming the post, Dela Rosa was executive officer of the Directorate for Human Resources and Doctrine Development.<br><br>Lt. Gen. Ricardo Visaya assumed command of the AFP as the Chief of Staff. He used to serve as the chief of the AFP Southern Luzon Command.
*July 2: Out of 70 submissions from 14 different schools, sixth grader Nasif Cali from Denaig Elementary School in Poona Piagao, [[Lanao del Norte]] won in the United Nations World Food Programme's (WFP) Children's Design Competition 2016. He received USD 100 with his award while his school received USD 2,000 to be sent on school supplies.
*July 4: VP Robredo paid a closed-door courtesy call on President Duterte in Malacañang to personally assure him of her support. She added that as Vice President, it is her number one responsibility to help rally everyone behind the new administration.<br><br>After 18 years of having its gates shut, the [[Department of Agrarian Reform]] (DAR) opened its doors to farmers and protesters alike. The department had been barricaded shut to prevent protesters from storming inside the department's offices. According to newly-seated DAR Secretary Rafael Mariano, who is a founding member and former chairman of the [[Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas]] (KMP), the opening of the gates symbolizes his intention to blur the lines between the agency and the people it ought to serve, the farmers.
*July 5: President Duterte named top police officials allegedly involved in the illegal drugs trade or protection of drug syndicates. He tagged PNP deputy director Gen. Marcelo Garbo Jr., Gen. Vicente Loot, Gen. Bernardo Diaz of Police Regional Office 6, former [[National Capital Region Police Office]] (NCRPO) chief Joel Pagdilao, and former Quezon City Police District (QCPD) chief Edgardo Tinio. Duterte ordered them relieved from their assignments and report to Director General Ronald dela Rosa.
*July 6: Pagmamahal, an adopted Philippine Eagle, was renamed Pagbabago in honor of Duterte, who served as Mayor of Davao for 23 years. The 15-year-old male eagle was adopted by the family of businessman Uy Ching Siong Cang in 2012. Uy said that he renamed the eagle to Pagbabago to express his joy for the victory of President Duterte. He added that renaming it will usher in the new age of positive change.<br><br>The state weather bureau, [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] (PAGASA), announced the end of [[El Niño]] and the coming of La Niña in the July-August-September season. According to PAGASA's latest advisory, July was welcomed with neutral conditions in the central and equatorial Pacific, as both oceanic and atmospheric indicators have returned to neutral values. The sea surface temperatures are also in neutral condition. La Niña, which is characterized by cooler than normal sea surface temperature in the Tropical Pacific, causes more raincloud-carrying winds to come into the Philippines from the east.
*July 7: President Duterte appointed VP Robredo chairperson of the [[Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council]] (HUDCC). The post was previously held by former VP [[Jejomar Binay]].
*July 10: [[Palawan]], [[Boracay]], and [[Cebu]] made it to ''Travel + Leisure (T+L)'' magazine's World's Best Islands in 2016. Palawan placed first with a score of 93.71, while Boracay and Cebu placed second and sixth with scores of 90.47 and 88.65 respectively. T+L readers were asked to rate destinations all over the world [http://interaksyon.com/article/130160/3-ph-spots-on-worlds-best-islands-list according to their activities, sights, natural attractions, beaches, food, friendliness and overall value]. Other places who made it to the list are Bali, Indonesia; Kauai, Hawaii; Hilton Head, South Carolina; Maui, Hawaii; Santorini, Greece; Waiheke Island, New Zealand; and Ischia, Italy.
*July 11: The Office of the Ombudsman found a probable cause to file graft charges against former [[Department of Health]] (DOH) Secretary [[Enrique Ona]], former Undersecretary Teodoro Herbosa, and former Assistant Secretary Nicolas Lutero III. They were found guilty over an alleged anomalous Php 392.2-million hospital modernization project in 2012. They were also found guilty of administrative offense of grave misconduct. Since they were no longer connected with the DOH, their penalty is convertible to a fine equivalent to one-year worth of salary. Based on the Ombudsman's investigation, the three conspired to illegally cancel the contract for the modernization of Region 1 Medical Center that has already been awarded to a winning bidder to favor another company. The three were also meted with the accessory penalties of perpetual disqualification from holding public office and forfeiture of retirement benefits.
*July 12: An international tribunal in The Hague rejected China's argument that it enjoys historic rights over most of the [[South China Sea]] and that it had violated international law by causing irreparable harm to the marine environment. The tribunal added that China had endangered Philippine ships and interfered with Philippine fishing and oil exploration. However, while the decision is legally binding, there is no mechanism for enforcing it. Also, since China refused to participate in the tribunal's proceedings, it would not abide by it.<br><br>The Philippine delegation to the Asia Pacific Youth Parliament for Water (APYPW) event by the Korea Water Forum at Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology won several awards. Debby Sy took home the President of Korea Environment Corporation and Outstanding Youth award for her work in identifying key issues in the communities and presenting solutions that could reach the targets they set up. Hannah Joy Alcomendas received the President of K-water award. The APYPW is an annual youth water education program that aims to encourage young leaders to investigate and solve water-related challenges within their respective countries.<br><br>As the military continued its intensified offensive against the ASG, the provincial government of Basilan declared a state of calamity in the municipalities of Tipo-Tipo, Ungkaya Pukan, and Al Barka. At least 40 members of ASG were believed to have been killed and another 25 wounded in the military offensive against the ASG in Basilan and Sulu.
*July 13: A 12-year-old girl was killed and two soldiers were wounded in a firefight between government troops and members of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF) in Barangay Meta, Datu Unsay, Maguindanao.
*July 14: The Office of the Ombudsman filed four counts of graft, nine counts of falsification of public documents, and one count of malversation charge against former VP Binay for awarding the phases 1,2, and 3 of the construction of the carpark building without proper bidding. His son, former Makati Mayor Junjun Binay, faces additional two counts of graft and one count of malversation.
*July 15: President Duterte met with Cebuano-Chinese businessman Peter Lim, who was earlier identified as the Visayan member of the drug triad in the Philippines, at the [[Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency]] (PDEA) Region 11 office in [[Davao City]]. Duterte urged Lim to go to the [[National Bureau of Investigation]] (NBI) to clear his name and talk with DOJ Secretary Vitaliano Aguirre III. Lim said that his family has been receiving threats after news of his alleged involvement in drug operations surfaced. He added that he is willing to help the government in its war against drugs.
*July 18: UST suspended the admission of new freshmen for its journalism and legal management programs for AY 2016-2017 due to the low number of employees. According to Assistant Dean Narcisa Tabirara, only six applicants were qualified to enroll for Journalism and only 11 for LegMa. The numbers are below the ideal class size composed of at least 40 students. Qualified applicants could pursue either Communication Arts of Political Science for the academic year.<br><br>The main runway of NAIA was closed from 4:30 p.m. to 11:59 p.m. due to emergency pavement repairs. 10 international and domestic flights were diverted to the Clark International Airport in Pampanga, which resulted in delayed and cancelled flights all over the country. The runway was apparently damaged by flash floods that submerged some portions during heavy rains. NAIA authorities closed the runway to avoid damage to aircraft. An Eva Air Boeing 747 plane was damaged after it was hit by cracked asphalt from a newly paved portion of the runway after the jet landed at the NAIA at around noon.
*July 19: SC acquitted Arroyo of plunder. It annulled the criminal case for “insufficiency of evidence and ordered her “immediate release.” She has been detained at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center since October 2012.
*July 25: President Duterte delivered his first [[State of the Nation Address]] (SONA) in front of lawmakers and guests at the Batasang Pambansa Complex in Quezon City. The [[State of the Nation Address 2016|2016 SONA]] lasted for 1 hour and 32 minutes. His speech made a history for the longest first SONA.
*July 26: SC issued a TRO that halted the implementation of the curfew ordinances for minors in the cities of [[Manila]], [[Quezon]], and [[Navotas]]. The Samahan ng mga Progresibong Kabataan filed a petition that assailed the constitutionality of the ordinances.<br><br>Nine Filipinos were sentenced to life in prison over an armed incursion by some 200 Islamic militants from southern Philippines in 2013. The incident was inspired by a self-proclaimed Filipino sultanate's claims of historical dominion over the Malaysian state of Sabah on Borneo island. At least 70 people were killed over the six-week ordeal. ''See [[The Philippines and Sabah: A Timeline]].''<br><br>SC reversed its ruling that dismissed petitions in support of field testing for genetically modified, pest-resistant ''Bacillus thuringiensis'' (Bt) talong (eggplant).
*July 30: The [[National Grid Corporation of the Philippines]] (NGCP) placed the Luzon power grid under a red alert status because of low level operating reserves. Seven power plants are encountering problems. These are the Kalayaan, Malaya U1 and 2, GN Power 1, Calaca 2, Pagbilao 2, and Sual 2 power plants.<br><br>Duterte lifted the unilateral ceasefire and placed troops on “high alert” after the CPP-NPA failed his deadline to make their own declaration.


===August===
*August 1: The Duterte administration will launch a 24-hour hotline (8888 to receive people's complaints) and 911 for emergency. The complaint office, which will be open for 24 hours and manned by 10 operators, will cover the entire country. The complaint received by the manager will be redirected to the proper office.
*August 2: Mayor Rolando Espinosa of Albuera, [[Leyte]], who was being linked to drug trafficking, surrendered to police authorities and became under custody of PNP chief Director Ronald dela Rosa. A day earlier, President Duterte issued a statement that he will give a “shoot-on-sight order”if Espinosa and his son, Kerwin, would not voluntarily surrender within 24 hours.<br>During a buy-bust operation near the houses of the Espinosas, authorities recovered about Php 1.9 million worth of 237 grams of suspected shabu. Arrested were Espinosa’s two bodyguards and three employees. Kerwin, however, remains at large.
*August 3: Six men who are allegedly aides of Mayor Rolando Espinosa Sr. and his son Kerwin were killed in a shootout with the police. The shootout occurred as police were patrolling the house of Espinosa in Albuera, Leyte around 5 a.m. According to Leyte provincial chief, 14 high-powered firearms and five caliber .45 handguns were recovered at the house of the town mayor.
*August 4: The Sandiganbayan granted the motion of the Office of the Ombudsman to amend the plunder case against former Agriculture Undersecretary Jocelyn Bolante in connection with the Php 723-million fertilizer fund scam. The court issued a ruling saying that the prosecution failed to present sufficient evidence to show there was probable cause to indict Bolante of the crime of plunder. However, instead of outrightly dismissing the case, the Second Division ordered the Office of the Ombudsman to submit additional evidence to boost the case.
*August 5: SC granted provisional liberty to political prisoners allied with CPP to allow them to attend the peace talks with the government in Oslo, Norway. Once the peace talks end, their respective bonds (at Php 100,000 for provisional liberty) will be deemed canceled. The youth group Anakbayan reiterated its call to Duterte to keep his word of releasing all political prisoners as part of the confidence-building in the resumption of formal peace talks. They also called for the urgency of pulling out government troops from rural civillian communities to avoid and remove any possible tension and further armed conflicts.
*August 7: In an nationally televised speech, Duterte linked more than 150 judges, mayors, lawmakers and military personnel to illegal drugs. He revoked their gun licenses and asked them to surrender for investigation. He fired members of the military and policed he named and ordered government security personnel to be withdrawn from politicians he identified. He added that he will take full responsibility if any of those he named turn out to be innocent.
*August 8: According to a report from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), Rains caused by the southwest monsoon (habagat) caused 14 deaths, 8 missing persons, and six others wounded. 24 roads in the provinces of Abra, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, and La Union were also not passable.
*August 11: 10 high-profile inmates were killed in the explosion inside the Parañaque City Jail. 8 of the 10 detainees were involved with illegal drugs, while the two had cases involving robbery with homicide. Jail warden Supt. Gerald Bantag was also injured. According to Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) Spokesperson Senior Inspector Xavier Solda, the inmates had requested a meeting with the jail warden to follow up a request to be transferred to another cell when shots rang out. There were no other security officers in the said meeting. BJMP is still investigating on how the contraband was made available inside the City Jail. They were also looking at the possibility that the inmates attempted to escape and hostage Bantag. Nine officers, including Bantag, were relieved from their post to ensure an impartial investigation on the incident. The PNP is also carrying out a parallel investigation.
*August 12: The Manila Regional Trial Court Branch 32 granted the motion for release on bail for communist leaders Benito and Wilma Tiamzon and Adelberto Silva ahead of the scheduled peace talks with the communist insurgency in Oslo. The court also allowed them to travlel with Satur Ocampo, Randal Echaniz and Rafael Baylosis to Oslo for the talks. The Tiamzons, Ocampo, and their co-accused are facing multiple murder charges for the brutal killing of 15 civilians discovered in a mass grave in 2006 in Inopacan, Leyte.
*August 13: The PH Government restarted peace talks with the MILF aimed at ending decades of violence that has claimed tens of thousands of lives. The weekend talks in Malaysia will discuss details of Duterte's peace road map. Since the 1970s, the MILF has waged a bloody insurgence in Mindanao. An accord signed in 2014 raised hopes of a lasting peace. Under the [[2012 Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro|Comprehensive Agreement on Bangsamoro]] (CAB), the rebels will surrender their firearms after a law was passed creating an autonomous homeland in Mindanao and a regional government was elected. However, the [[Mamasapano clash]] derailed the passage of the law and stalled the peace process with the rebels. The relaunching of the peace talks is considered a big milestone for peace in Mindanao.
*August 14: Hundreds of Filipinos rallied in Rizal park in Manila to call on Duterte to reconsider his decision of approving the burial of the dictator [[Ferdinand Marcos]] in a heroes' cemetery. They launched a signature campaign to try to stop the burial set for September. However, according to Duterte's communications secretary, Martin Andanar, the president's position remained firm.<br><br>A tornado hit Manila and nearby areas at around 4:30 PM. Old trees were uprooted and some roofs were ripped off homes. The tornado formed amid continuous heavy rains brought on by the enhanced southwest monsoon. There were no reports of injured victims.
*August 15: DOJ ordered the filing of direct assault with murder charges in court against 88 people over the [[Mamasapano clash]]. The 88 respondents belong to the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, its splinter group, the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters, and private armed groups.
*August 16: SC dismissed the electoral protest filed by [[Manuel Roxas]] against [[Jejomar Binay]] in 2010 for the vice-president post as it was no longer relevant. According to the high court, [[Leni Gerona-Robredo]], had already assumed the position and "the tenure of the office being contested by Roxas and Binay had expired." The counter-protest filed by Binay against Roxas was also dismissed.
*August 17: Indonesian national Mohammad Safyan escaped from his Abu Sayyaf captors in Luuk, Sulu after they threatened to behead him. Locals found him trapped in a fishnet and floating along the village's shoreline. Rescuers brought him to the municipal police station. Safyan is a crew member of the tugboat Charles. He was abducted off the high seas near the Philippine border on June 23 along with six other crew members of the tugboat.<br><br>Former RCBC branch manager Maia Deguito, who was tagged in the [[RCBC money-laundering scam]], was arrested for perjury. In April then-RCBC president Lorenzo Tan sued Deguito and her lawyer Ferdinand Topacio for libel and false testimony over her statements on the said scam. She also faces money laundering charges. She posted bail of Php 6,000. She maintained her innocence and claimed she was a “scapegoat” in the heist.
*August 22 to 28: The peace talks between the government and the Communist Party of the Philippines-New People’s Army-National Democratic Front (CPP-NPA-NDF) took place in Oslo, Norway. The agenda of the first formal peace talks under the Duterte administration covered 5 major points:
**Affirmation of previously-signed agreements
**Accelerated process for negotiations
**Reconstitution of the Joint Agreement on Security and Immunity Guarantees (JASIG) list
**Mode of interim ceasefire
**Amnesty Proclamation for the release of all detained political prisoners.
The CPP also discussed a general amnesty proclamation to cover the 550 detained members of the CPP-NPA.
*August 22: The Senate started its investigation on the alleged extrajudicial killings of drug suspects under the present administration. Senate Committee on Justice and Human Rights chairperson [[Leila de Lima]] led the probe together with Senate Committee on Public Order and Dangerous Drugs head [[Panfilo Lacson]]. Also present were PNP Director General Ronald de la Rosa, [[Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency]] (PDEA) Director General Isidro Lapeña, NBI Director Dante Gierran, [[Department of Interior and Local Government]] (DILG) Secretary Ismael Sueno and [[Commission on Human Rights]] (CHR) Chairman Chito Gascon. The purpose of the investigation was “to strengthen the mechanisms of accountability of law enforcers, and to institute corrective legislative measures to ensure full respect for basic human rights, especially the right to life.”
*August 23: The Sandiganbayan found Rodolfo Noel “Jun” Lozada Jr. and his brother, Jose Orlando Lozada, guilty of graft over the leasehold rights over public lands under the Lupang Hinirang program of the Philippine Forest Corp. (Philforest). They were sentenced to six to 10 years and one day imprisonment. Lozada, who was at that time president and chief executive officer of Philforest, granted a 6.59-hectare leasehold to his brother. Philforest is a government-owned and controlled corporation under the [[Department of Environment and Natural Resources]] (DENR).<br><br>Lawyer Rogelio Bato Jr. and his 15-year old companion was shot dead by still unidentified assailants in Barangay Lumbang 2, Tacloban City. According to the Director of the Police Regional Office-8, Bato was among the police's high-value targets under the Espinosa group. In The Freeman report, Espinosa said that some people are determined to kill them and started by killing his lawyer. He added that soon they will be the next targets.<br><br>SC issued a 20-day status quo ante order on the issue of the planned interment of the remains of the late president [[Ferdinand Marcos]] at [[Libingan ng mga Bayani]].
*August 25: Duterte released the matrix showing the supposed links of De Lima and other government officials to the alleged illegal drug operations inside the [[New Bilibid Prison]]. Included in the matrix were former Pangasinan governor and now Pangasinan Rep. Amado Espino Jr., former Justice Undersecretary Francisco "Toti" Baraan III, his brother Pangasinan Provincial Administrator Rafael "Raffy" Baraan, retired Gen. Franklin Bucayo, Pangasinan Board Member Raul Sison and de Lima's former driver and alleged lover Ronie Dayan. De Lima laughed off the accusation and said that she is innocent.
*August 26: The Philippine government and the National Democratic Front signed an indefinite ceasefire agreement. They are looking to craft mechanisms for their respective unilateral ceasefire declarations within the next 60 days.
*August 27: Around 10 heavily armed militants of the Maute terror group sprung eight of their comrades and 20 other inmates from the Lanao del Sur provincial jail in a daring attack. They surprised the guards and forced them to set free the inmates before escaping in four vehicles of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology that they commandeered. A massive manhunt for all the fugitives was launched.
*August 29: 15 Army soldiers were killed and 29 others were wounded in a gun battle with the Abu Sayyaf group in Patikul, Sulu. Meanwhile, 30 ASG members were killed and 11 others were wounded. Two Army battalions who conduct pursuit operations against the ASG were attacked by local terrorists under the command of ASG leader Radullan Sahiron.
*August 31: Ombudsman Morales received the 2016 Ramon Magsaysay Award. The board of trustees recognized “her moral courage and commitment to justice in taking head-on one of the most intractable problems in the Philippines; promoting by her example of incorruptibility, diligence, vision and leadership, the highest ethical standards in public service.”


===September===
*September 2: At least 14 people were killed and 68 other individuals were injured in [[Davao City]] after a blast ripped through Roxas Street late Friday evening. President Duterte declared a state of lawless violence in the entire country two days after the explosion. This will lead to setting up of checkpoints across the country and the increase in military presence on the streets. A task force comprised of prosecutors and NBI operatives is still conducting a fact-finding investigation of the incident.
*September 5: PNP launched “Itaga Mo Sa Bato” text hotline where Filipinos could report a crime or ask for help. Concerned citizens may send their concerns to 2286 for both Globe and Smart subscribers. Each text message costs Php 2.50. PNP hotline 09178475757 and Text PNP 2920 are still online and can receive messages.
*September 6: DOJ indicted former army reservist Vhon Martin Tanto for murder and serious physical injuries in a road rage incident in Quiapo last July 25. Tanto shot to death cyclist Mark Vincent Garalde after a traffic altercation while Rosell Bondoc sustained injuries from a stray bullet fired through Tanto's caliber .45 revolver.
*September 8: Former Palawan Governor Joel Reyes was denied bail by Judge Angelo Arizala of the Puerto Princesa Regional Trail Court Branch 52. He and his brother, former mayor of Coron Mario Reyes, were named by the arrested hired killers of Palawan broadcaster and good governance advocate Gerardo "Gerry" Ortega, as the ones who ordered the hit on him.
*September 9: Smartmatic was cleared of liability in the controversial alteration of the script of the transparency server used for the quick counts in the May 9 elections. According to Comelec fact-finding team, there was no protocol violated when the script was changed because the special character “?” was appearing on the names of candidates with “ñ” in the resource files generated for the transparency server. The said team recommended to the Comelec that they pay the contractual obligations and retention fees with Smartmatic.
*September 11: The Official Gazette of the Philippines drew flak after posting a graphic commemorating the late dictator Ferdinand Marcos' 99 birth anniversary. Some social media users accused the government outfit of historical revisionism. The initial caption read: “Celebrating his 99th birthdate, Ferdinand Marcos started his political career in 1949 as a Representative of the Second District of Ilocos Norte. 10 years thereafter, Marcos was able to secure a seat as a member of the Philippine Senate in 1959 and was elected Senate President in 1963. Ferdinand Marcos became the 10th President of Philippines in 1965. He was the longest-serving President of the country for almost 21 years. Marcos was the first post-independence president to be re-elected in 1969. In 1972, he declared Martial Law to suppress a communist insurgency and secessionism in Mindanao.
In 1986, Marcos stepped down from the presidency to avoid bloodshed during the uprising that came to be known as "People Power"”. The Official Gazette revised the post and removed “to avoid bloodshed” but the post continued to attract negative comments. Presidential Communications Operations Office (PCOO) Assistant Secretary Ramon L. Cualoping III explained that the Official Gazette conveyed "what is documented in the official records" and was not "in the business of revising history".
*September 12: CA stopped the release from prison of road rage convict Rolito Go. Although, Muntinlupa RTC Branch 204 Judge Juanita Guerrero ordered the release of Go for he has served his sentence. However, CA's 11th Division decided to junk a motion of Go for immediate execution because there is no legal basis to order the immediate release. Go was sentenced for up to 40 years of imprisonment by the Pasig RTC in 1993 for killing [[De La Salle University]] (DLSU) student Eldon Maguan in 1991 after they figured in a road accident.
*September 14: The Sandiganbayan dismissed the draft case against NEDA chief [[Romulo Neri]] over the alleged overpriced national broadband network (NBN) project with China's ZTE Corp. In 2007. the Sandiganbayan said that it found the prosecution's evidence “insufficient to sustain the charges or justify a verdict of guilt.” It added that it was evident from the start that Neri's role was rather passive as he was consulted by ZTE and Amsterdam Holdings, Inc. which submitted an unsolicited proposal on the NBN project to DOTC. It also said that there was no evidence to prove that Neri met with Abalos and other officials because of any promise of monetary reward in the form of bribe or commissions. However, Neri is still facing the graft case over the broadband deal before the Fourth Division.
*September 15: Edgar Matobato, a member of “Lambada Boys” that later became the “Davao Death Squad”, stood as witness that says he killed people in Davao upon the orders of Duterte. The DDS is an alleged vigilante group in Davao responsible for summary killings of suspected criminals. He said that from 1988 to 2013, he killed more than 1,000 criminals like drug traffickers, rapists, snatchers, among others. However, he admitted that not all who were killed were criminals. He said that his conscience was haunting him because he killed innocent people. He added that he was tortured in front of his wife and relatives after he refused to take sole responsibility for the killing of Richard King. He then fled to Cebu, Samar, and Leyte for fear of his life. He said that he was hurt because he kill people for them and yet they want to kill him. He surrendered to CHR in 2014 but was advised to go to DOJ to better protect him from threats to his life. He was enlisted to the Witness Protection Program but he left the program when Duterte won the presidency for he feared he might be killed. Malacañang denied Matobato's allegations.
*September 16: The Sandiganbayan anti-graft court dismissed graft cases against Pampanga Rep. Gloria Arroyo over the NBN deal signed while she was president. The court said the prosecution did not sufficiently prove the guilt of the accused.
*September 17: ASG released Norwegian national Kjartan Sekkingstad, almost a year ago of holding the victim captive. The victim was brought to the provincial capitol in Jolo town before flying out to his home country.<br><br>The Provincial Government of Batanes declared a state of calamity due to the damage wrought by Typhoon Ferdie which was estimated to reach about Php 37 million. The power supply was restored after two to three weeks.
*September 19: The Senate ousted Senator Leila de Lima as chairperson of the Committee on Justice and Human Rights. 16 senators voted yes, 4 against, and 2 abstained. Senator [[Richard Gordon]] is the new chair of the committee while Senator [[Panfilo Lacson]] is the new vice-chairman.
*September 20: The House of Representatives' Committee on Justice began to tackle the proliferation of drugs and narcotics syndicates inside the [[New Bilibid Prison]] (NBP) in [[Muntinlupa City]]. House Committee on Justice chair Oriental Mindoro Rep. Reynaldo Umali said that the witnesses' testimonies will help the committee determine the cause of the problem of the proliferation of drugs and drug syndicates in the national penitentiary, as well as identify the responsible government officials. According to Umali, the illegal activities happening inside the NBP makes a “complete mockery of our criminal justice system”. He added that convicted persons are supposed to serve their sentence but they are still able to commit crimes with impunity while inside the national penitentiary.<br><br>SC upheld the decision of the Senate Electoral Tribunal on Sen. Grace Poe's eligibility to run in the 2013 elections. Voted 9-3 in favor of Poe, SC ruled that she is qualified to sit as a senator of the republic.
*September 28: Tony Co, a high-profile Chinese drug lord, was killed while four others, were wounded in a riot inside the New Bilibid Prison. Also injured was former police chief inspector Clarence Dongail. Dongail reportedly reprimanded three inmates for using shabu. The others then attacked Dongail which triggered the riot. Up to eight inmates figured in the melee. PNP chief Director General Ronald dela Rosa ordered the SAF to conduct an investigation into the riot. SAF has since been deployed to secure the NBP to prevent inmates and jailguards from bringing contraband inside the jail.


===October===
*October 13: President Duterte signed Administrative Order #1 which formed the Presidential Task Force that will probe assaults on members of the press. The task force will be led by Justice Secretary Vitaliano N. Aguirre II as chairperson and Communications Secretary Martin M. Andanar as co-chairperson. They will also invite the Commission on Human Rights (CHR), the Ombudsman, and various media advocacy organizations as “observers and resource persons.”
*October 19: Super Typhoon Lawin (Haima) smashed the northern Philippines with ferocious wind and rain. At least seven people were killed in the storm but the evacuations from high-risk communities helped prevent a larger number of casualties.<br><br>Some 50 protesters and 30 policemen were hurt when police clashed with protesters outside the United States embassy in Manila. Around 700 members of the militant group Sandugo, an alliance of Moro and indigenous peoples, and the Bagong Alyansang Makabayan had gathered outside the embassy to protest the militarization of indigenous peoples' lands and express support for the independent foreign policy of President Rodrigo Duterte as he began his state visit to China. However, according to the police, protesters lacked a permit to rally. Also, authorities did not expect violence to ensue. Tensions began when some protesters allegedly attacked a police vehicle two meters away from the main entrance of the embassy. Some also vandalized the embassy walls with anti-American slogans. A police vehicle backed up into the crowd and hurt some of the protesters. PNP was urged to investigate the incident and the use of "unnecessary force" to disperse the rallyists.


===November===
*November 8: Twenty-seven years after his death, the remains of former President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] will be buried at the [[Libingan ng mga Bayani]]. SC voted 9-5-1 in favor of Marcos' remains to be transferred from the Ferdinand E. Marcos Presidential Center in Batac, Ilocos Norte to the Heroes' Cemetery in Taguig.
*November 18: Marcos was buried at the Libingan ng mga Bayani with rites closed to the general public.
*November 26-30: Government troops were able to recover about 80 percent of the area occupied by the Maute terrorist group in Butig, Lanao del Sur. They have also retaken the old municipal of Butig and recovered a madrasah (educational institution) and a national high school. 35 soldiers were wounded while 61 members of the Maute terror group were killed and 12 others were injured.



==Business and economy==
#January 28: According to a report from the [[National Economic and Development Authority]] (NEDA) , the Philippine economy grows 5.8% in 2015.
#February 1: The [[Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas]] (BSP) released new Php 100 bank notes with a stronger mauve or violet color to markedly differentiate these from the Php 1,000 bank notes.
#February 3: The Philippines ranked 70 in the 2016 Index of Economic Freedom. With its score, the Heritage Foundation described economic freedom in the Philippines as “moderately free.”
#February 4: Hackers stole about USD 101 million or Php 4.7 billion from the account of the Bangladesh Central Bank with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. At least USD 81 million or Php 3.8 billion was wired to the [[Philippines]] through several people mainly from the [[Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation]] (RCBC), PhilRem Service Corporation, and the circle of casino junket operators.<br>Of the stolen money, about USD 63 million went to Solaire and Midas casinos. The remaining USD 17 million remained unaccounted for. It is said to be still with PhilRem but the claim was denied by its officers. See [[RCBC money-laundering scam]].
#February 18: Pepsi-Cola Products Philippines Inc. (PCPPI) inaugurated its manufacturing plant for its snacks line in Cabuyao, [[Laguna]].
#March 2: With an estimated net worth of USD 12.9 billion, mall-mogul [[Henry Sy|Henry Sy, Sr.]] remains the richest person according to Forbes Magazine. He is the world's 71st richest person.
#May 30: PLDT, Inc. and Globe Telecom announced the acquisition of the telecommunications business of San Miguel.
#July 7: Among the annual list of Heroes of Philanthropy of Forbes Asia were Geronimo de Los Reyes, Jr., the chairman emeritus of Gateway Property Holdings, and acclaimed veterinarian Anton Mari Lim. De Los Reyes' foundation has been continously providing scholarships and support for faculty development and research. He also built a museum to honor Filipino history and culture. Lim, on the other hand, built the Yellow Boat of Hope Foundation. It is a charity which aims to build boats for children from the mangrove village of Layag-Layag in [[Zamboanga City]].
#July 14: [[Land Bank of the Philippines]] is now headed by Andres C. Sarmiento.
#July 18: Jose Cuisia, former Central Bank governor and Philippine Ambassador to the US, was appointed to the board of directors of insurance company FWD Life Philippines. He was appointed as non-executive director of the board and will also act as a special adviser to the company and its management.
#July 19: CA voided an order requiring telecommunications companies to cut their short messaging system (SMS) rates and return the excess amount paid by subscribers. In November 2012, the [[National Telecommunications Commission]] (NTC) ordered that the text messaging fee shall be reduced from Php 1 to not more than 80 centavos per SMS.
#July 22: The Securities and Exchange Commission ordered businessman Roberto Ongpin to pay Php 174 million in fines and disqualified him from serving as an officer or board member in any public company or publicly listed company. He allegedly engaged in insider trading in the sales of Philex mining shares in 2009.<br><br>The DOTC and LTFRB stopped accepting applications for new ride-sharing vehicles of Uber and Grab due to a backlog. The government will also review its policies on fare spikes. According to DOTC Secretary Cherie Mercado, the suspension was indefinite and the changes required to reverse it is still unclear.
#July 23: CA denied Globe Telecom's petition to prevent the Philippine Competition Commission from reviewing its joint Php 69.1-billion acquisition with PLDT of San Miguel's telecom business. The PCC said that it remains hopeful that PLDT and Globe will cooperate with the PCC to fulfill its mandate to safeguard free and fair competition.


==Health==
#April 4: DOH launched its school-based dengue immunization program on Grade 4 students from regions with the highest number of dengue cases: [[National Capital Region]] (NCR), [[Calabarzon]], and [[Central Luzon]]. Around 250 Grade 4 students of Parang Elementary School in [[Marikina City]] received free immunization. Dengvaxia, the world's first anti-dengue vaccine, was developed after 20 years. The Philippines is the first country where it is commercially available.
#April 21: At least four persons died and over 700 others were hospitalized in Zamboanga City due to norovirus. It is very contagious and can be acquired from an infected person and contaminated food or water or by touching contaminated surfaces. It causes the stomach or intestines or both to become inflamed. It results in stomach pain, nausea and diarrhea. The department allocated Php 5 million to assist patients and distribute water containers in affected communities.
#May 21: Five people, including teenagers, died during the “Closeup Forever Summer”, an open-air concert, headlined by Belgian DJ duo Dimitri Vegas and Like Mike. The cause of death was unknown but police were looking at possible heatstroke or dehydration and it was too early to say that the deaths were caused by drug-laced drinks. Closeup said that it was cooperating with authorities in the investigation. Investigators also looked into reports that the five had taken party drugs that contain shabu, ecstasy, and cialis.
#June 2: A diarrhea outbreak afflicted 14 towns in Eastern Visayas. 13 people were dead and 1,370 others were admitted in hospitals. The DOH in Eastern Visayas reported fecal contamination of drinking water in parts of the region.
#July 9: Makati Mayor Abby Binay ordered the immediate repair of Makati City Hospital's (Osmak) air-conditioning units and other facilities. She also ordered the city's General Services Department (GSD) to address the shortage of medicine at Osmak.
#July 14: DOH Epidemiology Bureau recorded 52 deaths among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in May. 50 were males and two were females. DOH has also recorded 739 new cases of PLHIVs across the country. Metro Manila had the highest number of new HIV cases: 313. Most of the cases involved males who have sex with males (MSM).
#July 16: The European Union (EU) and international donor agency Oxfam donated Php 4 million worth of medical equipment to the [[Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao]] (ARMM). The equipment is comprised of dry heat sterilizers, wheel chairs, pediatric stethoscopes, infant delivery beds, oxygen tanks and other instruments needed in reproductive health clinics. EU is a major benefactor of ARMM's Improving Availability of Reproductive Health Services in the ARMM (ARCHES). It is a special program meant to hasten the delivery of reproductive health, maternal and child care to Muslim, Christian and Lumad sectors in the region’s more than 100 municipalities.
#July 21: A state of calamity was declared in the municipality of Tupi in South Cotabato due to a sudden increase in dengue cases. From April to July, the number of dengue cases is at 297 and counting. Four deaths have been recorded. The bigger problem is there is not enough hospitals to accomodate all dengue patients. Some were already referred to provincial and private hospitals.<br><br>The [[Department of Social Welfare and Development]] (DSWD) released a total of Php 939,653,541.24 in assistance to indigent clients for the first half of 2016. Most of the releases were for medical assistance which highlighted the urgent need of Filipinos for adequate and affordable healthcare. The Protective Services Program of DSWD offers the following to those who belong to the informal and other marginalized, vulnerable, and disadvantaged sectors: Assistance to Individuals in Crisis Situations, which with the Crisis Intervention Unit, provides medical, educational, burial and transportation assistance.
#July 24: The DOH cleared 12 Filipino atheletes who are flying to Brazil to compete in the 2016 Olympics to be held from August 5 to 21. Some athletes from other countries will skip the quadrennial meet due to fears of contracting Zika. However, according to Health Secretary Paulyn Ubial, there is no real threat to the athletes because none of them are pregnant. She added that there is threat to an individual only if she is pregnant at the time of infection. She still advised the athletes to take the necessary measures to protect themselves from mosquito bites.


==Sports==
*February 3: The San Miguel Beermen beat the Alaska Aces in the finals and claimed the 2015-16 PBA Philippine Cup. They are the first PBA team to come back from a 0-3 deficit.
*February 13: World Boxing Organization (WBO) super-bantamweight title holder [[Nonito Donaire Jr.]], long-time WBO light-flyweight champ [[Donnie Nietes]], and Asian Tour winner [[Miguel Tabuena]] were named co-winners of the prestigious Athlete of the Year award at the Philippine Sportswriters Association (PSA) Annual Awards Night.<br>Other winners were:
**PRESIDENT’S AWARD- [[Smart Gilas|Gilas Pilipinas]]
**EXECUTIVE OF THE YEAR- Wilfred Uytengsu Jr.
**LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD- Filomena ‘Boy’ Codinera
**NSA OF THE YEAR-Wushu Federation of the Philippines
**MR. BASKETBALL- Terrence Romeo and Calvin Abueva
**MS. VOLLEYBALL- Alyssa Valdez
***MAJOR AWARDS: June Mar Fajardo (pro basketball), Mark Belo and Mark Cruz (amateur basketball), Eric Shauwn Cray (athletics), Amaya Paz-Cojuangco (archery), Chezka Centeno (billiards), Santy Barnachea (cycling), Cyna Rodriguez (pro golf), Princess Mary Superal (amateur golf), Jonathan Hernandez (horseracing), Raniel Resuello (motorsports), Katharina Lehnert and Alberto ‘AJ’ Lim Jr. (tennis), Divine Wally and Arnel Mandal (wushu)
**CITATIONS:
***SOUTHEAST ASIAN GAMES GOLD MEDALISTS
****ASEAN PARA GAMES GOLD MEDALISTS: Mary Joy Tabal, Rafael Poliquit, Philippine archery team, Kobe Paras, Batang Gilas, Perlas Blackwater Team, Philippine Dragon Boat team, Kristina Charisse Santiago, Kenneth San Andres, Milo Rivera, Ernesto ‘Judes’ Echaus, Michael Christian Martinez, Hagen Alexander Topacio, Petron Blaze Spikers, Hidilyn Diaz, Nestor Colonia, ALA Promotions, International Premier Tennis League, Manila North 3x3 Team, MVP Sports Foundation, NU Pep Squad, Philippine baseball team, Philippine powerlifting team, Philippine Superliga, SM Lifestyle Entertainment Inc., Jean Henri Lhuillier and tennis patrons, and 2019 FIBA World hosting team, National University Ever Bilena women’s team
****MILO JUNIOR MALE ATHLETE OF THE YEAR- Justine Kobe Macario
***MILO JUNIOR FEMALE ATHLETE OF THE YEAR- Kyla Soguilon
***TONY SIDDAYAO AWARD: Pauline Del Rosario, Abegail ‘Abby’ Arevalo, Jacob Ang, Maurice Sacho Ilustre, Nicole Pamintuan, Miguel Barreto, Micaela Jasmine Mojdeh, Sean Terence Zamora, Nicole Eijansantos
***POSTHUMOUS AWARDS: Ronald Charles ‘Ron’ Jacobs, Enrique ‘Henry’ Cojuangco Sr., Arturo ‘Art’ Macapagal, Lim Eng Beng, Servillano Aquino Padiz Jr., Ramil Cruz, Ireneo ‘Nayong’ Federigan, Jose ‘Jun’ Castro Jr.
*March 7-11: [[Pangasinan]] hosted the 2016 Philippine National Games. Around 2,500 athletes and coaches from all over the country participated in the event. The winners will represent the country in the upcoming Southeast Asian Games.
*March 17-20: The 2016 World University Cycling Championship was hosted by the Federation of School Sports Association of the Philippines (FESSAP), sponsored by the International University Sports Federation (FISU) and sanctioned by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). It took place in [[Tagaytay]]. 120 cyclists from 16 nations entered the tournament.
*April 9-16: Albay hosted the 2016 Palarong Pambansa. Around 10,000 student-athletes, coaches, parents and school officials as well as the media from the 17 regions participated.
*April 16-17: The Asian Taekwondo Olympic Qualification Tournament was held at the Marriot Convention Center Grand Ballroom at the New Port Complex in Pasay City. Athletes from 43 countries participated in the event sanctioned by the International Olympic Committee-affiliated WTF and promoted by the Asian Taekwondo Union.
*April 23: Nonito Donaire defeated Zsolt Bedak via a technical knockout and retained his super bantamweight title.
*April 30: The DLSU Lady Spikers took home their ninth championship trophy of the [[University Athletic Association of the Philippines]] (UAAP) Season 78 women's volleyball tournament after getting the better of rivals the Ateneo Lady Eagles, 19-25, 25-21, 25-16, 25-16 at the SMART Araneta Coliseum.
*May 25: John Riel Casimero defeated Thai boxer Amnat Ruenroeng and claimed the IBF flyweight title in China.
*May 28: Donnie Nietes retains his light flyweight title from the World Boxing Organization after defeating Mexican boxer Raul Garcia into submission after 5 rounds.
*May 28: Philippines men's national basketball team won against Indonesia, 83-52, to capture its third win in the 2016 Seaba Stankovic Cup.
*June 25-26: Basketball superstar Kobe Bryant was in Manila for Nike's “Mamba Mentality Tour.” He also held a “Kobe Academy” clinic with selected players who “have the skills and Mamba Mentality mindset.”
*July 5-10: The FIBA Olympic Qualifying Tournament in the Philippines was held in [[Mall of Asia Arena]].
*July 7: Gilas Pilipinas lost to the New Zealand men's national basketball team in Group B of the 2016 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament. With a score of 80-89, they ended their bid to qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics.
*July 10: Jason Pagara defeated Mexican boxer Abraham Alvarez via knockout in the third round of their welterweight showdown. However, his younger brother Albert Pagara, lost to Cesar Juarez at round 8. It was the first defeat of his career.
*July 15: Janine Nicandro was appointed as the first lady referee of the PBA. She had three years of experience in the PBA D-League. She is a Marketing graduate of Laguna State Polytechnic University where she also played four years of varsity basketball.
*July 17: The Philippine Taekwondo Team bagged five gold medals and five silver medals at the World Taekwondo Culture Exposition in Muju, South Korea. It was a competition attended by around 2,000 athletes from different countries in Asia, Middle East, Australia, Africa, Europe, and America.
*July 27: Marlon Tapales of Lala, Lanao del Norte defeated Thai boxer Pungluang Sor Singyu via knockout in Thailand to claim the World Boxing Organization's bantamweight title.


==Entertainment and culture==
*January 1: Carlo Katigbak is the new CEO of ABS-CBN Network, replacing [[Charo Santos-Concio]] who stepped down from the post on December 31, 2015.
*January 21: Babylyn Decena-Newfield is crowned as the first Mrs. Grandma Universal. The 48-year-old widow is the first Filipina to compete along with some 50 other grandmothers from around the world. She is the chief executive officer and president of Cartridge World-Philippines and a mother of four kids and has four grandchildren.
*February 7: Lucky Aces won the first ''Dance Kids'' competition. The dance duo from Canada took home Php 2 million, a family trip to Hong Kong, a shopping spree worth P300,000, and a Star Magic contract.
*February 12: ''It's Showtime'' launched an all-female dance group known as GirlTrends. It is composed of 21 talents from Star Magic, ''[[Pinoy Big Brother]]'' (PBB) and other programs.
*February 21: The 8-hour film, ''[[Hele sa Hiwagang Hapis]]'' (A Lullaby to the Sorrowful Mystery), written and directed by [[Lav Diaz]] won the Silver Alfred Bauer Award in the 2016 Berlinale or the 66th Berlin International Film Festival. It is a film on interconnected narratives on the Philippine Revolution against Spain. It explores the [https://www.berlinale.de/en/programm/berlinale_programm/datenblatt.php?film_id=201613645#tab=filmStills role of the individual in history and their involvement in political and social developments].
*February 26: Forbes Magazine listed 300 young entrepreneurs, innovators, and leaders in Asia across 10 fields, namely: arts (art and style, food and drink); manufacturing and energy; entertainment and sports; consumer technology; finance and venture capital; enterprise technology; media and marketing; health care and science; social entrepreneurs; and retail and e-commerce. Ten Filipinos made it to the list, including, the 22-year-old founder of Solar Philippines, Leandro Leviste, singer Charice Pempengco, photographer Xyza Cruz Bacani, artist Ronson Culibrina, retailer Koh Martinez Onozawa, finance and venture capitalist Rachel de Villa, consumer technopreneur Valenice Balace, SALt co-founder Raphael Mijeno, social entrepreneur Henry Motte-Muñoz, and 15-year-old inventor Amin Hataman. See [[10 Filipinos on Forbes Magazine's 30 Under 30 Asia]].
*February 29: [[Nora Aunor]] was recognized as one of the Ani ng Dangal Awardees by the [[National Commission for Culture and the Arts]] (NCCA). The Ani ng Dangal recognizes artists who have earned international accolades during the past year.
*March 6: 32nd PMPC Star Awards for Movies List of Winners:
**Movie Actress of the Year: Bea Alonzo (A Second Chance)
**Movie Actor of the Year: Piolo Pascual (Silong) and Dennis Trillo (Felix Manalo)
**Movie of the Year: Felix Manalo (Viva Films)
**Indie Movie of the Year: Bambanti (Sinag Maynila and Centerstage Productions)
**Movie Director of the Year: Joel Lamangan (Felix Manalo)
**Indie Movie Director of the Year: Zig Dulay (Bambanti)
**Movie Supporting Actor of the Year: Tirso Cruz, III (Honor Thy Father)
**Movie Supporting Actress of the Year: Alessandra De Rossi (Kid Kulafu)
**Movie Child Performer of the Year: Micko Laurente (Bambanti)
**New Movie Actress of the Year: Janella Salvador (Haunted Mansion)
**New Movie Actor of the Year: Marlo Mortel (Haunted Mansion)
**Movie Screenwriter of the Year: Michiko Yamamoto (Honor Thy Father)
**Movie Editor of the Year: Jerrold Tarrog (Heneral Luna)
**Movie Production Designer of the Year: Edgar Martin Littaua, Joel Bilbao, and Danny Red (Felix Manalo)
**Movie Musical Scorer of the Year: Jerrold Tarrog (Heneral Luna)
**Movie Sound Engineer of the Year: Mikko Quizon and Hit Productions (Heneral Luna)
**Movie Original Theme Song of the Year: “Ang Sugo ng Diyos Mula Sa Mga Huling Araw”, Sarah Geronimo (Felix Manalo)
**Movie Cinematographer of the Year: Ber Cruz (Honor Thy Father)
**Indie Movie Screenwriter of the Year: Jun Robles Lana (Anino Sa Likod Ng Buwan)
**Indie Movie Cinematographer of the Year: Ike Avellana (Apocalypse Child)
**Indie Movie Editor of the Year: Benjamin Tolentino (Tandem)
**Indie Movie Production Designer of the Year: Aped Santos (Bambanti)
**Indie Movie Musical Scorer of the Year: Gauss Obenza (I Love You, Thank You)
**Indie Movie Sound Engineer of the Year: Jess Carlos (Silong)
**Indie Movie Original Theme Song of the Year: “Tulog Na” – lyrics by Zig Dulay, composed by Gian Gianan, interpreted by Alessandra de Rossi, from the movie Bambanti
**Special Awards
***Male Face of the Night: John Arcilla
***Female Face of the Night: Bela Padilla
***Darling of the Press: Dan Fernandez
***Nora Aunor Ulirang Artista Lifetime Achievement Award: Ms. Amalia Fuentes
***Ulirang Alagad Ng Pelikula Sa Likod Ng Kamera Lifetime Achievement Award: Mel Chionglo
***Movie Loveteam of the Year: Kathryn Bernardo and Daniel Padilla (Crazy Beautiful You)
***Posthumous Award for Entertainment Excellence: German Moreno
*April 17: [[Maxine Medina]] was crowned as Miss Universe Philippines 2016 during the coronation night of the [[Binibining Pilipinas]] 2016 at the Smart Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City. The 25-year-old beauty queen is a De La Salle College of St. Benilde and the Philippine School of Interior Design graduate. She currently works as a freelance interior designer.
*April 18: The [[Philippine Postal Corporation]] released limited copies of the special commemorative stamps in honor of Miss Universe 2015 [[Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach]].
*April 23: Korean charmer Yohan Hwang bagged the first Grand Touristar title in the recently-concluded ''I Love OPM'', an ABS-CBN reality music competition that featured 19 foreigners called Touristars, from different countries The contestants impressed everyone by crooning, belting out, rapping and dancing to Original Pilipino Music (OPM).Yohan won Php 2 million, a recording contract from Star Music and vacation package to Cebu.
*May 22: [[Jaclyn Jose]] won Best Actress, for the film ''[[Ma' Rosa]]'', during the closing ceremony of the 69th Cannes Film Festival. She is the first Filipina to win the award.<br><br>Power Duo, which is composed of real-life couple Anjanette and Gervin from Angono, Rizal, was announced winner of ''[[Pilipinas Got Talent]] (PGT) Season 5. Judge [[Robin Padilla]] hit the golden buzzer during their audition, sending them straight to the semi-finals. The team received Php 2 million.
*June 11: Imelda Schweighart was crowned as the new Miss Philippines Earth and will represent the country in the 2016 Miss Earth pageant. The 21-year-old theater arts student said that she wanted to be Miss Philippines Earth because she wants the best welfare for her fellow Filipinos.
*June 12: Dulaang UP alumnus Clint Ramos won the 2016 Tony Award for costume design for “Eclipsed,” a play featuring Oscar winner Lupita Nyong’o. Ramos, who was born and raised in [[Cebu]], took up theater arts at the University of the Philippines. He then took a Master of Fine Arts in Design for Stage and Film at New York University’s Tisch School of the Arts on a full scholarship. He is currently based in New York and works as a set and costume designer.
*June 22: 39th Gawad Urian List of Winners:
**Best Picture: "Taklub"
**Best Actress: LJ Reyes ("Anino sa Likod ng Buwan")
**Best Actor: John Lloyd Cruz ("Honor Thy Father")
**Best Supporting Actor: Bernardo Bernardo ("Imbisibol")
**Best Supporting Actress: Ana Abad Santos ("Apocalypse Child")
**Best Director: Jerrold Tarog ("Heneral Luna")
**Best Editing: Jerrold Tarog ("Heneral Luna")
**Best Music: Jake Abella ("ARI: My Life with a King")
**Best Sound: Mikko Quizon ("Heneral Luna")
**Best Production Design: Ben Payumo ("Water Lemon")
**Best Screenplay: Robby Tantingco ("Ari: My Life with a King")
**Best Cinematography: Pong Ignacio ("Heneral Luna")
**Best Short Film: "Wawa"
**Best Documentary Film: "The Crescent Rising"
**Natatanging Gawad Urian award: Romy Vitug
*June 24: Cristelle Tolentino was crowned as Miss Manila 2016. The 22-year-old beauty graduated Cum Laude from the University of Santo Tomas. She won a Php 500,000 cash prize and a management contract with Viva Entertainment. She also received the Miss Photogenic and Best in Evening Gown special awards.
*June 30: Jessy Mendiola was crowned 'The Nation's Sexiest Woman' in FHM Philippines' 2016 100 Sexiest List.
*July 2: Teri Malvar won Best Actress at the Moscow International Film Festival. She also won Screen International Rising Star Asia at the New York Asian Film Festival and the Silver George best actress award on June 30.
*July 4: John Lloyd Cruz was one of 3 honorees of the Star Asia award at the 15th New York Asian Film Festival (NYAFF). He is the first Filipino and Southeast Asian actor to receive the honor. He starred in and produced ''[[Honor Thy Father]]'', which is set to make its New York debut at the festival.
*July 11: Alden Richards and Maine Mendoza were named by ''YES!'' Magazine as the Most Beautiful Stars of 2016. 100 Most Beautiful Stars of 2016 as chosen/selected by the editorial staff of YES! Magazine and NOT by public voting:
**Ai-Ai delas Alas
**Albie Casiño
**Alden Richards
**Alex Medina
**Alexa Ilacad
**Andre Paras
**Angel Locsin
**Anne Curtis
**Arci Munoz
**Arjo Atayde
**Bailey May
**Barbie Forteza
**Bela Padilla
**Benjamin Alves
**Bianca Umali
**Carla Abellana
**Coco Martin
**Coleen Garcia
**Daniel Matsunaga
**Daniel Padilla
**Dawn Zulueta
**Dennis Trillo
**Derek Ramsay
**Derrick Monasterio
**Diego Loyzaga
**Dingdong Dantes
**Enrique Gil
**Erich Gonzales
**Gabbi Garcia
**Gabby Concepcion
**Gladys Reyes
**Glaiza De Castro
**Gloria Romero
**Grae Fernandez
**Heart Evangelista
**Ian Veneracion
**Ina Raymundo
**Inigo Pascual
**Jaclyn Jose
**James Reid
**Janella Salvador
**Janine Gutierrez
**Jasmine Curtis-Smith
**JC De Vera
**Jennylyn Mercado
**Jerald Napoles
**Jericho Rosales
**Jessy Mendiola
**Jodi Sta. Maria
**John Arcilla
**Jose Manalo
**Joseph Marco
**Juancho Trivino
**Judy Ann Santos
**Julia Barretto
**Julia Montes
**Julie Anne San Jose
**Kathryn Bernardo
**Ken Chan
**Kris Aquino
**Kris Bernal
**Kylie Padilla
**KZ Tandingan
**Lea Salonga
**Liza Soberano
**Lovi Poe
**Maine Mendoza
**Maja Salvador
**Martin Nievera
**Matteo Guidicelli
**Meryll Soriano
**Miguel Tanfelix
**Mike Tan
**Miles Ocampo
**Nadine Lustre
**Nash Aguas
**Nicco Manalo
**Nico Antonio
**Paolo Ballesteros
**Paulo Avelino
**Pepe Herrera
**Pia Wurtzbach
**Rachelle Ann Go
**Rafael Rosell
**Richard Gomez
**Robin Padilla
**Rocco Nacino
**Rochelle Pangilinan
**Ruru Madrid
**Sam Milby
**Sarah Geronimo
**Shaina Magdayao
**Sid Lucero
**Sofia Andres
**Solenn Heussaff
**Sunshine Cruz
**Tom Rodriguez
**Toni Gonzaga
**Vic Sotto
**Vice Ganda
**Wally Bayola
**Xian Lim
**Yassi Pressman
**Ylona Garcia
*July 17: Filipino teen dance troupe Junior New System was named the 2016 Senior Grand Champion Performer of the World and the 2016 Champion Dance Group of the World at this year’s World Championship of Performing Arts (WCOPA). The competition was held at Long Beach, California from July 8 to 17.<br><br>Tres Kantos, an all-male group composed of Bugoy Drilon, Jovit Baldivino, and former "Tawag ng Tanghalan" contestant Dominador Aviola, was named the first winner of the celebrity competition "We Love OPM." Mentored by Erik Santos, they garnered 80.45 percent of combined scores with their performance of Ryan Cayabyab's "Nais Ko." They took home Php 2 million, half of which they will donate to their chosen beneficiary, Casa San Miguel.
*July 20: Aeta Gabby Cabalic won the Best Actor award from the 1st ToFarm Film Festival. Zig Dulay's ''Paglipay'' also won four more awards, including best picture and best director.
*July 23: PhilPop 2016 List of Winners:
*Grand Winner: “Di Na Muli” – Wally Acolola and Jazz Nicolas (interpreter: Itchyworms featuring Jazz Nicolas)
**1st Runner-up: “Lahat” – Soc Villanueva (interpreter: Jason Dy)
**2nd Runner-up: “Tinatangi” – Miguel and Paolo Guico (interpreter: Cookie Chua and Bayang Barrios featuring The Benjamins)
**Best Music Video: “Tinatangi”
**Maynilad’s People Choice Award: “Lahat”
*July 30: Mutya ng Pilipinas 2016 List of Winners:
**Mutya ng Pilipinas-Asia Pacific: Ganiel Akrisha Krishnan
**Mutya ng Pilipinas-Tourism International: Justin Mae San Jose
**Mutya ng Pilipinas –Overseas Communities: Michelle Thorlund
**1st runner-up: Lynette Bradford
**2nd runner-up: Ashley Nicole Singh
*July 31: DZMM 630, the flagship AM radio station of ABS-CBN, celebrated its 30th anniversary at San Andres Sports Complex in [[Malate]]. Together with Radyo Patrol reporters and anchors of DZMM and hundreds of their supporters received free check-up, legal consultation, and lectures.



==We Remember==
===January===
*January 2: Former LTO chief Virginia Torres died at 2 a.m. At The Medical City in the Clark Freeport, Pampanga following a heart attack. She complained of dizziness and chest pain on December 31, 2015 and was brought to the said hospital. She was 63.
*January 4: Former US Ambassador to the Philippines Stephen Bosworth died at the age of 76. The exact cause of his death was not revealed although he has been suffering from prostate cancer. Bosworth was one of the American officials who were reportedly tapped to eliminate the Marcoses following the pull-out of US support to the [[Ferdinand Marcos|Marcos]] administration in the aftermath of the death of opposition leader Senator [[Benigno Aquino Jr.]]. Bosworth relayed the message of US Secretary George Schultz telling Marcos that his time was up. Three days later, he arranged the flight of the Marcoses out of the country.
*January 6: Former PBB housemate Marnill “Kigoy” Abarico, who passed away last week due to cardiac arrest, was laid to rest in his hometown in [[Leyte]]. He was 36. Dubbed as “Bay Diskarte ng Ormoc,” he was part of the fourth season of PBB. He joined the reality show in order to find his siblings.
*January 8: [[German Moreno]] passed away due to cardiac arrest, a year after he suffered a stroke that temporarily paralyzed his right arm. He was 82. His remains were taken to Mt. Carmel Church in New Manila Quezon City. He was laid to rest at the Loyola Memorial Park.
*January 9: 80-year-old veteran TV personality Cielito “Mahal” Del Mundo passed away. She had been confined for four days at the hospital after a heart attack. Other than the GMA News and Public Affairs program, ''Kapwa Ko, Mahal Ko'', she was also known for being part of the films ''Langit Pa Rin Kita'' (1967), ''Mga Ibong Pipit'' (1984), and ''Basta Bisaya'' (1970).
*January 11: Atty. Napoleon Rama passed away at the age of 92. He was recently brought to the hospital after suffering a stroke. He was a former publisher and columnist of ''Manila Bulletin''. He was also a member of the 1986 Constitutional Commission.
*January 12: [[Trade Union Congress of the Philippines]] (TUCP) co-founder and former spokesperson Democrito “Kito” Mendoza died at the Chong Hua Hospital at the age of 92. He is the current chairman of Associated Labor Unions-Trade Union Congress of the Philippines (ALU-TUCP) and chairman of Vimcontu Broadcasting Corporation which owns and operates DYLA.
*January 23: Malabon 2nd District Councilor Merlin “Tiger” Mañalac was shot dead in front of his house in Malabon. He was pronounced dead on arrival at the MCU Hospital in Caloocan. According to a dzMM radio report, Partisano-Armadong Operatiba ng Partido Marxista-Leninista ng Pilipinas claimed responsibility for the killing in “in retaliation for the murder of Peter Villaseñor,” a former member of the NPA.
*January 27: Filipino basketball legend [[Carlos Loyzaga]], known as “The Big Difference”, passed away. He was 85 years old. He had been in failing health after suffering a stroke in Australia in 2011 before returning to the Philippines in 2013.
*January 29: Former [[National Economic Development Authority]] (NEDA) Chief [[Cayetano Paderanga|Cayetano “Dondon” Paderanga Jr.]] died at age 67 due to complications of a triple bypass at St. Luke's Medical Center Global City in Taguig.<br><br>Former [[Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority]] (SBMA) chair Feliciano Salonga died at age 85. The cause of death has not been released. He is the father of singer-actress [[Lea Salonga|Lea]] and conductor, musical arranger, orchestrator and musical director Gerard.

===February===
*February 4: Film and TV director Rosauro “Uro” dela Cruz “passed away peacefully in his sleep.” He was 64. He had reportedly been suffering from cirrhosis of the liver.
*February 5: Legendary Filipino martial artist [[Ciriaco "Cacoy" Cañete]] died in a hospital due to the recurrence of his prostate cancer, which was diagnosed in 2008. He was 96.
*February 8: Days after he backed out of the 2016 presidential race, [[Roy Señeres]] succumbed to cardiac and pulmonary arrest. The standard bearer of the Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka and OFW Family party-list Representative backed out of the race due to health reasons.
*February 13: [[Lauro Vizconde]] passed away after suffering a fourth cardiac arrest. He founded the Volunteers Against Crime and Corruption (VACC) after his wife and two daughters were killed in their own home in 1991.
*February 16: [[Vincent Navarro]], a visual artist known for using coffee grounds as the main medium of his art, died due to complications after undergoing surgery. He was known for creating a portrait series of [[Benguet]] coffee farmers. He was 23.
*February 20: Noel Vero Perfecto, radio and TV personality, succumbed to heart attack after being in comatose for two weeks. He was 67.
*February 26: [[Cebu]] Provincial Board Member and former [[Mandaue City]] Mayor Thadeo Ouano succumbed to cancer. He was 71.
*February 29: Movie and TV director [[Wenn Deramas]] died due to cardiac arrest. He was 49.


===March===
*March 4: Former Pasay City Mayor Wenceslao “Peewee” Trinidad succumbed to pneumonia. He was 82.
*March 5: Former NBI Director and Melo Commission member Nestor Mantaring died at UST hospital where he had been confined since February.
*March 6: The lifeless body of independent filmmaker [[Francis Xavier Pasion]] was found in the bathroom around his home in [[Quezon City]]. Initial findings of PNP SOCO show that he died of a heart attack. He was 38.
*March 10: Filipino statesman and lawyer who was known for opposing the [[Ferdinand Marcos|Marcos]] regime died due to cardiac arrest at the [[Philippine Heart Center]]. He was also called the Father of Philippine Liberalism.<br><br>Taipan Andrew Gotianun Sr., the patriarch of the Filinvest group of companies, passed away at the age of 88.
*March 11: Nine Media Corporation chairman and former Ambassador to Laos Antonio Cabangon-Chua passed away at the age of 81.
*March 16: ABS-CBN's post-EDSA general manager Benjamin Aniceto passed away at the age of 82.
*March 22: [[Philippine Sports Commission]] (PSC) founding chairman Cecilio Hechanova passed away due to a lingering illness. He was 84.
*March 29: Former BSP Governor Gabriel Singson passed away at the age of 87. The cause of death was not immediately disclosed but sources said that his health had been declining in recent years.
*March 31: Reelectionist Mountain Province Governor Leonard Mayaen was declared dead on arrival at the Norte Dame Hospital. He suffered a massive heart attack at [[Bontoc]], and was brought to [[Baguio]] via helicopter. He was 63.


===April===
*April 8: Jun Lingcoran, veteran radio reporter, passed away at the age of 46. He was diagnosed with esophageal cancer in 2015 and had been in and out of the hospital since then.
*April 13: Reelectionist Jones, Isabela Vice Mayor Ronnie Lucas was shot dead by suspected members of NPA. Based on initial investigation, he was in Barangay Dicamay Dos when a group of armed men stopped them for not having a permit to campaign. The latter told the companions of Lucas to go home and shot dead the vice mayor. Hot pursuit operations against the suspects is underway.
*April 14: Rodolfo Reyes passed away at the Asian Hospital in Muntinlupa City at the age of 80. He was a two-time press secretary, the first publisher and editor-in-chief of the ''[[Manila Standard]]''. He was 80.
*April 19: Award-winning writer and music critic [[Luis Katigbak]] passed away 10 days after suffering an extensive stroke. He has been hospitalized since December 2015 for complications from diabetes. A series of benefit events were held in 2016 to help cover his hospital expenses. He was 41.<br><br>Leovic Dioneda, former Mayor of Sorsogon City, died of a heart attack at the Sorsogon Medical Mission Group Hospital. He was 63.<br><br>Roberto Rivera, former Vice Mayor of Pandi, Bulacan, was shot to death by an unidentified gunman. The police are still conducting an investigation to determine the motive of the killing. He was 61.
*April 27: The Most Reverend Julio Xavier Labayen OCD, DD, Bishop Emeritus of the prelature of Infanta passed away at the age of 90. He served the Prelature of Infanta for 37 years and is best remembered for His pro-active witness and promotion of the social teachings of the Church.
*April 29: [[Renato Corona]], the 23rd [[Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court]] (SC), passed away due to cardiac arrest. He was 67. Flags were flown at half-mast for Corona at the Supreme Court and all courts. The criminal charges filed against Corona, who was the first Chief Justice in [[Philippines|Philippine]] history to be convicted by the impeachment court on the charges of violation of the Constitution and the betrayal of public trust, have been extinguished following his death.


===May===
*May 3: Diplomat [[Domingo Siazon, Jr.]] passed away after a long battle with prostate cancer. He was the former secretary of the [[Department of Foreign Affairs]] (DFA). He was 77.
*May 18: [[Eduardo de los Santos Castrillo|Eduardo Castrillo]] died of cancer at the age of 73. He was a sculptor whose works are known for their modular style with fluid lines. He who [http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/229011/monuments-builder-ed-castrillo-passes-away-73 worked mainly in brass and metal, created familiar public landmarks such as the “Pieta” at Loyola Memorial Park in Parañaque; People Power Monument on Edsa, Quezon City; Rajah Sulayman in Malate; Bonifacio and the Katipunan Revolution near City Hall in Manila; “Redemption” at Metrobank Plaza and “Spirit of Edsa” at RCBC Plaza in Makati; and the Cebu Heritage Monument].


===June===
*June 11: Former bodybuilder Max Laurel, who was known for his starring role in the film adaptation of the Filipino book character [[Zuma]], passed away after suffering a cardiac arrest. He was 71.
*June 13: [[Bataan]] Vice Governor-elect Enrique “Tet” Garcia Jr. passed away at the age of 75. There was no immediate information on the cause of his death.
*June 16: United States Army Forces in the Philippines-Northern Luzon (USAFIP-NIL) Special Agent Magdalena Leones passed away at the age of 95. She was the only Filipina to receive the Silver Star Medal during [[World War II]]. As an agent, she carried important intelligence data, radio parts, and medical supplies that put her life at risk multiple times. Among the recognitions she received were the Philippine Liberation Medal, the World War II Medal, and the Philippine Independence Ribbon. Some websites gave her the moniker "Lionness of the Filipina Agents."
*June 20: Columnist and politician dubbed as “Mr. Expose” [[Ernesto Maceda]] succumbed to multiple organ failure at the age of 81. He was in critical condition due to complications from bleeding after his gallbladder removal surgery. His son, Lawyer Ernesto Maceda Jr., said his father has been experiencing chest pains in the past few weeks. Maceda succumbed to multiple organ failure on June 20, 2016. He was 81. His remains were laid at Mt. Carmel Shrine before being put to rest at Loyola Memorial Park in Marikina.
*June 30: [[Sulu]] First District Rep. Habib Tupay Loong succumbed to liver cancer. He was 69. Loong was one of the founders of the [[Moro National Liberation Front]] (MNLF) and held a rank of commander before he quit in 1974.


===July===
*July 2: Isaac Tolentino, former Mayor of Tagaytay and father of ex-MMDA chief [[Francis Tolentino]], passed away at the age of 93.
*July 3: Five-year [[Philippine Basketball Association]] (PBA) veteran and Blackwater forward Gilbert Bulawan collapsed after a light practice session and was declared dead on arrival at the hospital. The autopsy revealed that he had an enlarged heart. He was also dealing with stress after both his parents suffered illness and his wife had an unfortunate miscarriage. He was 29.
*July 7: Erwin Dolera, one of the “Bangkang Papel” boys during the administration of former President [[Gloria Macapagal Arroyo]], passed due to complications of pneumonia. Erwin, Jomar Pabalan, and Jayson Vann Banogon were introduced on the first SONA of Arroyo. They wrote their wishes/requests for change to the former President and put them in a paper boat which they left to float in Pasig River until it reached Malacañang. Dolera asked for the closure of the Payatas dumpsite and a piece of land for his family. He finished mass communication major in broadcasting at the Trinity University Asia and worked as production assistant in TV5. He was 24 years old.
*July 14: Former Senator [[Helena Benitez]] passed away at the age of 102. She was a pioneer environmentalist, and advaocate of culture. She was the first Filipina to have chaired the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, the first Filipina member of the Board of the International Association of Universities, and the first Filipina conferred the Presidential Award of the Order of Sikatuna, with a Rank of Datu. The Senate lowered its flag at half-mast to honor her.<br><br>Bon vivant Gabriel “Bong” Daza III passed away more than a week after being in a coma, after suffering from heart attack. He was in late 60s. He was a restaurateur-businessman who helped define Manila's social life in the late '70s and '80s, with the parties and social events he and his friends initiated. He was married to former [[Miss Universe]] [[Gloria Diaz]] and was the father of model and actress [[Isabelle Daza]].
*July 24: Two-term Sibulan, [[Negros Oriental]] Mayor Emmanuel “Maning” Diputado died of cardiac arrest at the age of 48.


===August===
*August 4: Veteran composer Roberto “Snaffu” Rigor passed away at the age of 69. He was known for composing the hits “Mr. Dreamboy,” “Larawang Kupas,” and other OPM hits. The 70's Superband member was diagnosed with lung cancer. A series of benefit shows have been held for him.
*August 5: Pamplona, Cagayan Vice Mayor Aaron Sampanga was shot dead by motorcycle-riding gunmen. He was 39. Senior Insp. Francis Pattad, Pamplona town police chief, said that they are facing a blank wall as to the motive.




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*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/559314/news/regions/ombudsman-charges-er-ejercito-8-others-with-graft “Ombudsman charges ER Ejercito, 8 others with graft”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 June 2016).
*Cannon, Karen.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/regions/03/18/16/ex-gov-roy-padilla-arrested-over-missing-firearm/ “Ex-gov Roy Padilla arrested over missing firearm”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 15 June 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/lifestyle/03/21/16/unesco-declares-albay-a-biosphere-reserve/ “UNESCO declares Albay a biosphere reserve”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 15 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/560004/money/companies/sandiganbayan-junks-graft-raps-vs-winston-garcia-in-2005-e-card-case “Sandiganbayan junks graft raps vs. Winston Garcia in 2005 e-Card case”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 June 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/nation/126734-ca-junks-junjun-binay-contempt-case-roxas-ombudsman-morales “CA junks Junjun Binay’s case vs Roxas, Ombudsman”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 15 June 2016).
*Tacadena, Kiersnerr Gerwin.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/560125/scitech/science/nasa-launches-first-pinoy-made-satellite-diwata “NASA launches first Pinoy-made satellite ‘Diwata’”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 June 2016).
*Lopez, Virgil.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/560229/news/nation/aquino-creates-west-philippine-sea-task-force “Aquino creates West Philippine Sea task force”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 June 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/business/03/26/16/china-destroys-35-tons-of-bananas-from-philippines/ “China destroys 35 tons of bananas from Philippines”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*Tocmo, Hernel.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/regions/03/27/16/fire-razes-campsite-near-mt-apo-peak/ “Fire razes campsite near Mt. Apo peak”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*[http://interaksyon.com/article/125800/mt--apo-still-on-fire-closed-for-trekkers-for-3-5-years “Mt. Apo still on fire, closed for trekkers for 3-5 years”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*[http://www.mb.com.ph/mt-apo-fire-may-be-out-by-today-denr/ “Mt. Apo fire may be out by today – DENR”].''Manila Bulletin''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*Esmaquel, Paterno II.[http://www.rappler.com/nation/politics/elections/2016/127256-comelec-website-hacked-anonymous-philippines “Comelec website hacked a month before polls”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*Arcangel, Xianne.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/560578/news/nation/pnoy-adviser-acosta-convicted-of-graft-for-pdaf-misuse “PNoy adviser Acosta convicted of graft for PDAF misuse”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*Francisco, Katerina.[http://www.rappler.com/nation/127524-license-plate-sheets-stolen-lto “License plate sheets stolen from LTO compound”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/560649/news/world/abu-sayyaf-abducts-10-indonesian-sailors “Abu Sayyaf abducts 10 Indonesian sailors”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*Tim Hume and Kathy Quiano.[http://edition.cnn.com/2016/05/01/asia/indonesia-philippines-abu-sayyaf-hostages/ “10 Indonesian hostages released by Islamist militant group, president says”].''CNN International Edition''.(Accessed on 16 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/560825/news/nation/jv-ejercito-san-juan-vice-mayor-face-raps-over-p2-1-m-firearms-anomaly “JV Ejercito, San Juan vice mayor face raps over P2.1-M firearms anomaly”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 17 June 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/RCBC_money-laundering_scam “RCBC money-laundering scam”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*[http://www.manilatimes.net/breaking_news/suspect-in-zamboanga-airport-bombing-surrenders-at-nbi/ “Suspect in Zamboanga airport bombing surrenders at NBI”].''The Manila Times''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*Reformina, Ina.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/metro-manila/03/31/16/ca-junks-ph-heart-centers-bid-for-real-property-tax-exemption/ “CA junks PH Heart Center's bid for real property tax exemption”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Kidapawan_Violence_Timeline “Kidapawan Violence Timeline”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*Malipot, Merlina.[http://www.mb.com.ph/deped-launches-cybersafe-manuals-for-students/ “DepEd launches ‘CyberSafe’ manuals for students”].''Manila Bulletin''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/561318/news/metro/naia-3-hit-by-power-outage “NAIA-3 hit by power outage”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/v1/04/04/16/court-reduces-pembertons-sentence-to-10-years-denies-bail-petition “Court reduces Pemberton's sentence to 10 years, denies bail petition”].''ABSCBN News Channel''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mamasapano_clash “Mamasapano clash”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/04/05/16/purisima-napenas-indicted-for-mamasapano/ “Purisima, Napenas indicted for Mamasapano”].''ABSCBN News Channel''.(Accessed on 22 June 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cebu_International_Convention_Center “Cebu International Convention Center”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/561577/news/regions/ombudsman-indicts-cebu-s-gwen-garcia-over-p833-m-convention-center-project “Ombudsman indicts Cebu's Gwen Garcia over P833-M convention center project”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/561685/news/nation/plunder-raps-filed-vs-bongbong-marcos-over-p205-m-pork-barrel-scam “Plunder raps filed vs. Bongbong Marcos over ‘P205-M pork barrel scam’”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*Arcangel, Xianne.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/563995/news/nation/poe-s-husband-junks-us-citizenship-before-barangay-chairman-in-san-juan “Poe’s husband junks US citizenship before barangay chairman in San Juan”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*Nepomuceno, Priam F.[http://interaksyon.com/article/126190/kidnapped-ex-italian-priest-released-in-sulu “Kidnapped ex-Italian priest released in Sulu”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/562060/news/regions/bohol-placed-under-state-of-calamity-due-to-el-nino “Bohol placed under state of calamity due to El Niño”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*Quismundo, Tarra.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/777889/its-final-sc-says-poe-can-run “It’s final: SC says Poe can run”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*Gerg Cahiles and Liza Jocson.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/04/10/basilan-encounter-araw-ng-kagitingan-abu-sayyaf.html “18 soldiers dead, 5 Abu Sayyaf bandits killed in Basilan encounter”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 23 June 2016).
*[http://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/2016/04/11/aquino-leads-groundbreaking-rite-clark-green-city-467284 “Aquino leads groundbreaking rite of Clark Green City”].''Sun Star Manila''.(Accessed on 24 June 2016).
*[http://interaksyon.com/article/126329/cebu-province-declared-under-state-of-calamity-due-to-el-nino “Cebu province declared under state of calamity due to El Nino”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 24 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/562547/news/nation/napoles-two-ex-solons-get-bail-for-pork-barrel-scam-cases “Napoles, two ex-solons get bail for pork barrel scam cases”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 24 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/562655/news/nation/ex-davao-sur-s-cagas-ex-erc-chair-ducut-charged-with-graft-malversation “Ex-Davao Sur’s Cagas, ex-ERC chair Ducut charged with graft, malversation”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 24 June 2016).
*Hunt, Katie.[http://edition.cnn.com/2016/04/17/asia/philippines-election-rodrigo-duterte-gang-rape-comments/index.html “Philippines: No apology over presidential candidate's rape 'joke'”].''CNN International Edition''.(Accessed on 24 June 2016).
*Cinco, Maricar.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/780505/security-guard-gets-life-for-2011-rape-slay-of-uplb-student “Security guard gets life for 2011 rape-slay of UPLB student”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 24 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/563333/news/nation/ex-pcgg-chairman-sabio-acquitted-of-graft-malversation-raps “Ex-PCGG chairman Sabio acquitted of graft, malversation raps”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 27 June 2016).
*Sauler, Erika.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/780641/mrt-7-to-bulacan-finally-breaks-ground “MRT 7 to Bulacan finally breaks ground”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 27 June 2016).
*Cahiles, Gerg.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/04/22/Lt.-Gen.-Glorioso-Miranda-new-AFP-chief.html “Lt. Gen. Glorioso Miranda replaces Iriberri as acting AFP chief”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*Gomez, Jim.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/04/26/1576944/canadian-hostage-decapitated-abu-sayyaf-group “Canadian hostage decapitated by Abu Sayyaf group”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*Dioquino, Rose-an Jessica and Tacadena, Gerwin Kiersnerr.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/564165/news/nation/comelec-reverses-march-ruling-cancels-mall-voting “Comelec reverses March ruling, cancels mall voting”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*Zhander Cayabyab and Junry Hidalgo, dzMM; Jeff Canoy, ABS-CBN News.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/halalan2016/nation/regions/05/02/16/duterte-supporter-shot-dead-in-cdo “Trillanes, Duterte lawyer show up at BPI-Julia Vargas”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/halalan2016/nation/05/05/16/anti-duterte-ad-causes-uproar-online “Anti-Duterte ad causes uproar online”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*Estrella S. Torres, Kristine Felisse Mangunay, Leila B. Salaverria.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/783789/cayetano-wins-tro-vs-anti-duterte-ads-but-word-war-goes-on “Cayetano wins TRO vs anti-Duterte ads, but word war goes on”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*Aquino, Tricia.[http://interaksyon.com/article/127388/ex-coron-mayor-mario-reyes-accused-in-gerry-ortega-murder-gets-bail “Ex-Coron mayor Mario Reyes, accused in Gerry Ortega murder, gets bail”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*Hegina, Aries.[http://m.inquirer.net/newsinfo/784014 “FAQ: 2016 national and local elections”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 28 June 2016).
*Dioquino, Rose-Ann Jessica.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/566270/news/nation/comelec-holds-special-elections-saturday “Comelec holds special elections Saturday'].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 29 June 2016).
*Aguinaldo, Sandra and Tacadena, Kiersnerr Gerwin.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/567285/news/nation/us-returns-historic-san-pedro-bell “US returns historic San Pedro bell”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 29 June 2016).
*Tacadena, Kiersnerr Gerwin.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/567513/scitech/science/pinay-student-bags-int-l-prize-for-malunggay-anti-tumor-research “Pinay student bags int'l prize for Malunggay anti-tumor research”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 29 June 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/565869/news/nation/ex-poll-chief-abalos-absolved-from-graft-over-nbn-zte-deal “Ex-poll chief Abalos absolved from graft over NBN-ZTE deal”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Merueñas, Mark.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/568244/news/nation/sc-junks-tolentino-plea-vs-proclamation-of-gatchalian-recto-de-lima “SC junks Tolentino plea vs. proclamation of Gatchalian, Recto, De Lima”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/568373/news/nation/ombudsman-indicts-win-gatchalian-ex-lwua-chief-pichay-over-p80-m-bank-deal “Ombudsman indicts Win Gatchalian, ex-LWUA chief Pichay over P80-M bank deal”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Saunar, Ivy.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/06/01/navy-commissions-newest-largest-ship-brp-tarlac.html “Navy commissions newest, largest ship”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/568385/news/nation/sandiganbayan-dismisses-perjury-ethics-violation-cases-vs-renato-corona “Sandiganbayan dismisses perjury, ethics violation cases vs. Renato Corona”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Merueñas, Mark.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/568564/news/nation/30-yrs-after-slays-ex-afp-officer-cleared-in-olalia-alay-ay-murder-case “30 yrs. after slays, ex-AFP officer cleared in Olalia-Alay-ay murder case”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Mangunay, Kristine Felisse.[http://m.inquirer.net/newsinfo/788822 “Court junks double murder case vs Kapunan over Olalia slay”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Zulueta, Lito B.[http://m.inquirer.net/lifestyle/229882 “Vatican overrules Batangas bishop; declares 1948 Marian apparitions not genuine”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/06/02/ltfrb-phase-out-school-bus-services-15-years-old.html “LTFRB phases out school service vehicles 15 years old and up”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Macas, Trisha.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/568958/news/nation/as-defenders-of-scarborough-shoal-nolcom-gets-replica-of-1734-murillo-map “As defenders of Scarborough Shoal, Nolcom gets replica of 1734 Murillo Map”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569206/news/nation/ombudsman-upholds-dismissal-of-treason-sedition-complaint-vs-deles-ferrer-iqbal “Ombudsman upholds dismissal of treason, sedition complaint vs. Deles, Ferrer, Iqbal”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Macas, Trisha.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569354/news/nation/ched-approves-hike-in-tuition-other-fees-of-304-private-colleges-universities “CHED approves hike in tuition, other fees of 304 private colleges, universities”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*[http://cnnphilippines.com/regional/2016/06/10/mount-bulusan-erupts-sorsogon-volcano.html “Bulusan Volcano in Sorsogon erupts”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Dimacali, TJ.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569469/news/nation/mount-bulusan-erupts-friday-morning “Mount Bulusan erupts Friday morning”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 12 July 2016).
*Legaspi, Amita.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569784/news/nation/chinese-coast-guard-bars-phl-group-from-going-to-panatag-shoal “Chinese Coast Guard bars PHL group from going to Panatag Shoal”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*Parco, Bernadette A.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569844/news/nation/abu-sayyaf-beheads-second-canadian-hostage “Abu Sayyaf beheads second Canadian hostage”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*Merueñas, Mark.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569939/news/nation/with-may-polls-done-sc-junks-plea-vs-lease-of-70-000-omrs “With May polls done, SC junks plea vs lease of 70,000 OMRs”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569916/news/nation/2-cessna-planes-of-alleged-marcos-crony-sold-for-p140-000 “2 Cessna planes of alleged Marcos crony sold for P140,000”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*Merueñas, Mark.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569918/money/companies/sc-stops-lto-from-issuing-license-plates-released-by-customs-bureau “SC stops LTO from issuing license plates released by Customs Bureau”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*Roxas, Joseph Tristan.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569963/news/nation/8-phl-universities-listed-among-asia-s-best “8 PHL universities listed among Asia's best”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/570135/news/nation/long-lost-friends-reunite-in-norway-to-restart-peace-talks “Long lost 'friends' reunite in Norway to restart peace talks”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/570222/news/nation/ex-psc-head-acquitted-of-graft-6-co-accused-convicted “Ex-PSC head acquitted of graft; 6 co-accused convicted”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 13 July 2016).
*Dioquino, Rose-An Jessica.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/570226/news/nation/comelec-gives-lp-other-late-filers-until-june-30-to-submit-soces “Comelec gives LP, other late filers until June 30 to submit SOCEs”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 14 July 2016).
*Merueñas, Mark.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/570275/news/nation/palace-temporarily-stops-doj-from-filing-raps-versus-mikee-romero “Palace temporarily stops DOJ from filing raps versus Mikee Romero”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 14 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/570458/news/regions/kanlaon-volcano-in-negros-erupts-phivolcs “Kanlaon Volcano in Negros erupts —Phivolcs”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 14 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/570760/news/nation/comelec-en-banc-accepts-lim-s-resignation-from-campaign-finance-office “Comelec en banc accepts Lim’s resignation from campaign finance office”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 July 2016).
*Dimacali, TJ.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/570867/news/metro/mmshakedrill-starts-in-earnest “#MMShakeDrill starts in earnest”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 July 2016).
*Merueñas, Mark.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/571022/news/nation/doj-junks-crime-raps-vs-naia-staff-cops-over-laglag-bala-racket “DOJ junks crime raps vs. NAIA staff, cops over ‘laglag bala’ racket”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/571155/news/nation/abu-sayyaf-kidnap-victim-marites-flor-now-in-military-custody “Abu Sayyaf kidnap victim Marites Flor now in military custody”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 July 2016).
*Cordero, John Ted.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/571308/scitech/technology/dost-launches-very-first-pinoy-made-hybrid-train “DOST launches very first Pinoy-made hybrid train”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 15 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/business/industries/210-capital-markets/117901-pse-best-stock-exchange-southeast-asia-2015 “PSE named 2015 best stock exchange in Southeast Asia”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Diaz, Jess and Romero, Paolo.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/06/17/1593848/separate-inauguration-first-recent-history “Separate inauguration a first in recent history”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Alvarez, Kathrina Charmaine.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/571996/news/nation/bato-dela-rosa-assumes-command-of-pnp “'Bato' Dela Rosa assumes command of PNP”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Macas, Trisha.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572028/news/nation/visaya-takes-over-as-afp-chief-of-staff “Visaya takes over as AFP Chief of Staff”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572160/lifestyle/lanao-del-norte-student-wins-un-wfp-design-competition “Lanao del Norte student wins UN WFP design competition”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Alvarez, Kathrina Charmaine and Dioquino, Rose-An Jessica.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572332/news/nation/robredo-pays-courtesy-call-on-duterte-in-malacanang “Robredo pays courtesy call on Duterte in Malacañang”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Tacadena, Kiersnerr Gerwin.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572418/news/nation/dar-opens-its-main-gates-after-2-decades “DAR opens its main gates after 2 decades”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Corrales, Nestor.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/794364/duterte-names-top-cops-involved-in-illegal-drug-trade “Duterte names top cops allegedly involved in illegal drugs trade”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Regalado, Edith.[http://www.philstar.com/nation/2016/07/04/1599183/eagle-renamed-honor-rody “Eagle renamed in honor of Rody”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 18 July 2016).
*Tacadena, Kiersnerr Gerwin.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572620/scitech/weather/end-of-el-nino-at-last-but-la-nina-may-be-looming “End of El Niño at last, but La Niña may be looming”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 19 July 2016).
*Alvarez, Kathrina Charmaine.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572797/news/nation/duterte-asks-robredo-to-head-hudcc “Duterte asks Robredo to head HUDCC”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 19 July 2016).
*Parrocha, Azer.[http://interaksyon.com/article/130160/3-ph-spots-on-worlds-best-islands-list “3 PH spots on World's Best Islands list”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 19 July 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/573183/news/nation/ex-doh-chief-ona-2-others-face-graft-rap-for-p392-m-hospital-modernization-project “Ex-DOH chief Ona, 2 others face graft rap for P392-M hospital modernization project”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Perlez, Jane.[http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/13/world/asia/south-china-sea-hague-ruling-philippines.html?_r=1 “Tribunal Rejects Beijing’s Claims in South China Sea”].''The New York Times''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Takumi, Rie.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/573354/news/pinoyabroad/pinoy-students-awarded-in-south-korea-pro-environment-forum/just_in “Pinoy students awarded in South Korea pro-environment forum”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*[http://interaksyon.com/article/130270/state-of-calamity-declared-in-3-basilan-towns-as-military-pursue-asg-bandits “State of calamity declared in 3 Basilan towns as military pursue ASG bandits”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Apatan, Arianne.[http://k2.abs-cbnnews.com/news/07/13/16/stray-bullet-kills-girl-in-maguindanao-firefight “Stray bullet kills girl in Maguindanao firefight”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Bonquin, Carolyn.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/14/16/ombudsman-files-graft-falsification-raps-vs-binay “Ombudsman files graft, falsification raps vs Binay”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/16/16/duterte-meets-with-alleged-top-drug-lord-peter-lim “Duterte meets with alleged top drug lord Peter Lim”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Diola, Camille.[http://www.philstar.com/business/2016/01/28/1547230/economy-grows-5.8-2015 “Economy grows 5.8% in 2015”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*de Vera, Ben O.[http://m.inquirer.net/business/206431 “BSP releases new P100 bills”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Leyco, Chino.[http://www.mb.com.ph/ph-sustains-gains-in-economic-freedom/ “PH sustains gains in ‘economic freedom’”].''Manila Bulletin''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Remitio, Rex.[http://cnnphilippines.com/business/2016/03/02/osme%C3%B1a-ph-suffer-if-money-laundering-proven.html “Sen. Osmeña: PH may suffer if money laundering is proven”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*[http://business.inquirer.net/207292/affordable-cheetos-to-be-manufactured-in-ph “‘Affordable’ Cheetos to be manufactured in PH”].''Philippine Daily Inquirer''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Leyco, Chino.[http://www.mb.com.ph/henry-sy-remains-phs-richest-person-forbes/ “Henry Sy remains PH’s richest person – Forbes”].''Manila Bulletin''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*[http://www.pldt.com/news-center/article/2016/05/30/pldt---globe-to-acquire-telecommunications-business-of-san-miguel#.V48rPuu7hBc “PLDT - Globe to Acquire Telecommunications Business of San Miguel”].''PLDT''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Dabu, Bianca Rose.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572780/money/economy/forbes-asia-honors-2-pinoys-in-annual-heroes-of-philanthropy “Forbes Asia honors 2 Pinoys in annual Heroes of Philanthropy”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Santiago, Joann.[http://interaksyon.com/article/130407/new-landbank-president-appointed “New Landbank president appointed”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Bonalos, Pia.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/04/04/doh-starts-dengue-vaccination-program.html “DOH starts dengue vaccination program”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Crisostomo, Sheila.[http://www.philstar.com/nation/2016/04/26/1576722/doh-tracing-norovirus-cases-zamboanga “DOH tracing norovirus cases in Zamboanga”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*[http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/5-dead-in-philippine-pop-concert-police-116052200423_1.html “5 dead in Philippine pop concert: police”].''Business Standard''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*[http://opinion.inquirer.net/94916/death-by-ecstasy “Death by ecstasy?”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Bonifacio, Jazmin.[http://www.rappler.com/nation/135208-diarrhea-outbreak-eastern-visayas “Diarrhea outbreak in Eastern Visayas kills 13”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Frialde, Mike.[http://www.philstar.com/nation/2016/07/09/1601143/abby-binay-orders-repair-makati-city-hospital “Abby Binay orders repair of Makati City hospital”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Tacadena, Kiersnerr Gerwin.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/573639/news/nation/doh-reports-52-deaths-in-may-among-pinoys-with-hiv “DOH reports 52 deaths in May among Pinoys with HIV”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*Unson, John.[http://www.philstar.com/nation/2016/07/17/1603787/eu-oxfam-donate-p4-m-medical-equipment-armm “EU, Oxfam donate P4-M in medical equipment to ARMM”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 20 July 2016).
*[http://sports.inquirer.net/205130/san-miguel-beer-makes-history-beats-alaska-in-game-7#ixzz3z74YEzQO “San Miguel Beer makes history, beats Alaska in Game 7”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*[http://sports.abs-cbn.com/generalsports/news/2016/02/12/pinoy-athletes-gather-night-glitz-glamour-8751 “Pinoy athletes gather in a night of glitz and glamour”].''ABSCBN Sports''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Macob, Johanne Margarette.[http://sports.inquirer.net/208176/pangasinan-hosts-2016-philippine-national-games “Pangasinan set to host Philippine National Games in March”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Macob, Johanne Margarette.[http://sports.inquirer.net/208176/pangasinan-hosts-2016-philippine-national-games “Pangasinan hosts 2016 Philippine National Games”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*''[http://wucc2016.com/ World University Cycling Championship 2016]''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Lozada, Mei-Lin.[http://www.spin.ph/multi-sport-events/news/palarong-pambansa-moa-signing-joey-sarte-salceda “First-time host Albay all set for Palarong Pambansa”].''spin.ph''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*[http://thestandard.com.ph/sports/199116/ph-hosts-asian-taekwondo-qualification-for-rio-games.html “PH hosts Asian Taekwondo Qualification for Rio Games”].''The Standard''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Christ, Scott.[http://www.badlefthook.com/2016/4/23/11493666/donaire-vs-bedak-results-nonito-donaire-easily-retains-title-with-tko-win “Donaire vs Bedak results: Nonito Donaire easily retains title with TKO win”].''Bad Left Hook''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*[http://cnnphilippines.com/sports/2016/04/30/la-salle-ateneo-uaap-volleyball-championship.html “La Salle shoots down Ateneo, reclaims UAAP women’s volleyball crown”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Panaligan, Marisse.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/567731/sports/boxing/john-riel-casimero-overcomes-thai-foe-s-dirty-tactics-for-sensational-ko-win “John Riel Casimero overcomes Thai foe's dirty tactics for sensational KO win”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Songalia, Ryan.[http://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/boxing-mma/134596-donnie-nietes-raul-garcia-fight-results “Nietes batters Garcia into submission for ninth title defense”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Terrado, Reuben.[http://www.spin.ph/basketball/news/philippines-gilas-cadets-indonesia-seaba-cup-roger-pogoy-mike-tolomia “Gilas cadets clamp down late to pull away with win over Indonesia and stay unbeaten in Seaba Cup”].''spin.ph''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/blogs/opinions/04/15/16/hollywood-ending-the-final-game-of-kobe-bryant “Kobe Bryant arrives in Manila for basketball tour”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*[http://www.fiba.com/oqt/philippines/2016 “Destination Philippines”].''FIBA Qualifying Tournament 2016''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Beltran, Nelson.[http://www.philstar.com/sports/2016/07/07/1600425/goodbye-rio-gilas-easy-prey-tall-blacks-blows-olympic-bid “‘Goodbye, Rio’: Gilas easy prey to Tall Blacks, blows Olympic bid”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Songalia, Ryan.[http://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/boxing-mma/139225-albert-pagara-cesar-juarez-result “Albert Pagara suffers first loss, gets stopped by Cesar Juarez in 8”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Lozada, Bong.[http://pba.inquirer.net/72562/pba-welcomes-first-woman-ref-nicandro-vows-to-overcome-pressure “PBA welcomes first woman referee in Janine Nicandro”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*Bacuño, Peewee and Tacadena, Kiersnerr Gerwin.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/574072/sports/othersports/phl-team-bags-5-gold-5-silver-medals-at-world-taekwondo-culture-expo “PHL team bags 5 gold, 5 silver medals at World Taekwondo Culture Expo”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 21 July 2016).
*[http://www.philstar.com/business/2015/12/18/1533998/abs-cbn-names-carlo-katigbak-new-ceo “ABS-CBN names Carlo Katigbak as new CEO”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Andrade, Jeanette I.[http://globalnation.inquirer.net/135499/filipina-wins-title-as-most-beautiful-grandma-in-world “Filipina wins title as most beautiful grandma in world”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/entertainment/news/121628-lucky-aces-dance-kids-winner “Lucky Aces win 'Dance Kids'”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.chikka-nessavenue.com/2016/02/its-showtime-launches-all-female-group.html “It's Showtime Launches All-Female Group "Girl Trends"”].''Chikkaness Avenue''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/entertainment/news/123173-berlin-film-festival-lav-diaz-wins-silver-bear “Lav Diaz wins Silver Bear at Berlin Film Festival”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Hele_sa_Hiwagang_Hapis “Hele sa Hiwagang Hapis”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Dela Paz, Chrisee.[http://www.rappler.com/business/features/123797-filipinos-forbes-30-under-30-asia “10 Filipinos on Forbes '30 Under 30 Asia' list”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/10_Filipinos_on_Forbes_Magazine%27s_30_Under_30_Asia “10 Filipinos on Forbes Magazine's 30 Under 30 Asia”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Corrales, Nestor.[http://entertainment.inquirer.net/190416/culture-and-arts-agency-under-office-of-the-president-honors-nora-aunor “Culture, arts agency under Office of the President honors Nora Aunor”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.thesummitexpress.com/2016/03/full-list-winners-32nd-star-awards-for-movies-2016.html “FULL LIST: Winners, 32nd PMPC Star Awards for Movies 2016”].''The Summit Express''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Maxine_Medina “Maxine Medina”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://thestandard.com.ph/mobile/article/203983 “PHLPost honors Miss Universe 2015 Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach”].''The Standard''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Salterio, Leah C.[http://m.philstar.com/314196/show/e6f74b02d6a90bb0362a1220c127d46f/? “Korean is I Love OPM winner”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ma%27_Rosa “Ma' Rosa”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Chen, Heather.[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-36355911 “Jaclyn Jose: Cannes Best Actress for Filipina star's drug role”].''BBC News''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/entertainment/news/133904-power-duo-wins-pilipinas-got-talent-season-5-pgt5 “Power Duo wins 'Pilipinas Got Talent' season 5”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/specials/miss-earth/philippines/136066-imelda-schweighart-winner-miss-philippines-earth-2016 “Imelda Schweighart wins Miss Philippines Earth 2016”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Ang, Walter.[http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/230680/dulaang-up-alumni-clint-ramos-wins-2016-tony-award-for-costume-design “Dulaang UP alumnus Clint Ramos wins 2016 Tony award for costume design”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Jimenez, Joyce.[http://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2016/06/22/1595776/john-lloyd-cruz-lj-reyes-win-big-39th-gawad-urian “John Lloyd Cruz, LJ Reyes win big at 39th Gawad Urian”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Panaligan, Jojo.[http://www.mb.com.ph/honor-student-bags-miss-manila-2016-crown/ “Honor student bags Miss Manila 2016 crown”].''Manila Bulletin''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/entertainment/news/138147-jessy-mendiola-fhm-sexiest-woman-2016 “Jessy Mendiola is FHM's 'Sexiest Woman' 2016”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/572156/lifestyle/teri-malvar-bags-moscow-international-film-festival-best-actress-award “Teri Malvar bags Moscow International Film Festival Best Actress award”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/entertainment/news/135014-john-lloyd-cruz-star-asia-award-new-york-asian-film-festival “John Lloyd Cruz is first Southeast Asian Star Asia awardee at New York film fest”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://www.starmometer.com/2016/07/18/yes-100-most-beautiful-stars-2016-the-complete-list/ “YES! 100 Most Beautiful Stars 2016 – The Complete List”].''Starmometer''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/07/17/16/junior-new-system-wins-at-this-years-wcopa “Junior New System wins at this year's WCOPA”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/07/17/16/tres-kantos-wins-we-love-opm “Tres Kantos wins 'We Love OPM'”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 22 July 2016).
*Roxas, Joseph Tristan.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/574120/news/nation/ust-suspends-admission-of-new-freshmen-in-journalism-legislative-management-programs/just_in “UST suspends admission of new freshmen in journalism, legislative management programs”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 28 July 2016).
*Santos, Rudy.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/19/1604382/damaged-runway-paralyzes-naia “Damaged runway paralyzes NAIA”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 28 July 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/nation/140200-supreme-court-ruling-gloria-arroyo “SC acquits Gloria Arroyo of plunder, sets her free”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 28 July 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/State_of_the_Nation_Address_2016 “State of the Nation Address 2016”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 28 July 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/business/07/18/16/ex-bsp-governor-joins-fwd-life-board “Ex-BSP governor joins FWD Life board”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 28 July 2016).
*Punay, Edu.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/20/1604768/ca-voids-order-telcos-refund-excess-sms-charges “CA voids order for telcos to refund excess SMS charges”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 28 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/574742/money/companies/sec-orders-ongpin-s-ouster-from-public-firms-p174-m-fine-for-insider-trading “SEC orders Ongpin’s ouster from public firms, P174-M fine for insider trading”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 28 July 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/business/07/22/16/govt-suspends-applications-for-uber-grab-in-metro-manila “Gov't suspends applications for Uber, Grab in Metro Manila”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*[http://interaksyon.com/business/130661/court-of-appeals-junks-globes-plea-to-stop-pcc-review-of-smc-deal “Court of Appeals junks Globe's plea to stop PCC review of SMC deal”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Hacosta, Rean.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/02/11/16/dengue-vaccine-arrives-in-ph “Tupi, South Cotabato declares state of calamity due to dengue”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*[http://interaksyon.com/article/130596/dswd-gives-p939m-aid-mostly-medical-to-301447-clients-in-first-half-of-year “DSWD gives P939M aid, mostly medical, to 301,447 clients in first half of year”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Jaymalin, Mayen.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/25/1606420/doh-allows-pinoy-athletes-go-brazil “DOH allows Pinoy athletes to go to Brazil”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Songalia, Ryan.[http://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/boxing-mma/141098-marlon-tapales-knocks-out-sor-singyu “Pinoy boxer Tapales upsets Thai Sor Singyu to win bantamweight crown”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Cruz, Marinel.[http://entertainment.inquirer.net/197932/aeta-wins-best-actor-in-1st-tofarm-film-festival-now-on-extended-run “Aeta wins best actor in 1st ToFarm Film Festival; now on extended run”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Sibonga, Glen.[http://www.pep.ph/guide/music/24133/itchyworms-jason-dy-among-winners-in-philpop-2016 “Itchyworms, Jason Dy among winners in PhilPop 2016”].''Philippine Entertainment Portal''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Orejas, Tonette and Martinez-Clemente, Jo.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/752200/former-lto-chief-virginia-torres-dies-63 “Former LTO chief Virginia Torres dies; 63”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Hegina, Aries Joseph.[http://globalnation.inquirer.net/134548/us-ambassador-to-ph-during-edsa-revolt-stephen-bosworth-dies “US Ambassador to PH during Edsa revolt Stephen Bosworth dies”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/01/12/16/former-pbb-housemate-dies-after-cardiac-arrest “Former 'PBB' housemate dies after cardiac arrest”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/German_Moreno “German Moreno”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Dabu, Bianca Rose.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/550738/showbiz/chikaminute/former-kapwa-ko-mahal-ko-host-mahal-del-mundo-passes-away-at-80 “Former 'Kapwa Ko, Mahal Ko' host Mahal Del Mundo passes away at 80”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*[http://www.mb.com.ph/award-winning-journalist-napoleon-rama-dies/ “Award-winning journalist Napoleon Rama dies”].''Manila Bulletin''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/550970/news/regions/labor-leader-democrito-mendoza-dies “Labor leader Democrito Mendoza dies”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 29 July 2016).
*Reformina, Ina.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/26/16/supreme-court-halts-curfew-for-minors-in-3-cities “Supreme Court halts curfew for minors in 3 cities”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/overseas/07/26/16/life-terms-for-9-filipinos-over-2013-malaysia-incursion “Life terms for 9 Filipinos over 2013 Malaysia incursion”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*Merueñas, Mark.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/575156/scitech/science/sc-reverses-ruling-on-bt-talong-for-mootness “SC reverses ruling on Bt talong for mootness”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*Elchico, Alvin.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/business/07/30/16/luzon-power-grid-on-red-alert “Luzon power grid on 'red alert'”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*Cruz, Ian and Lopez, Virgil.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/575706/news/nation/duterte-lifts-ceasefire-with-cpp-npa-places-troops-on-high-alert “Duterte lifts ceasefire with CPP-NPA, places troops on ‘high alert’“].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/794875/duterte-administration-to-launch-24-hour-hotline-on-august “Duterte administration to launch 24-hour hotline in August”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/specials/141431-mutya-ng-pilipinas-2016-winners “FULL LIST: Winners, Mutya ng Pilipinas 2016”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*[http://www.philstar.com/psn-showbiz/2016/07/30/1608159/dzmm-maraming-paandar-sa-30th-anniversary “DZMM maraming paandar sa 30th anniversary”].''Pilipino Star Ngayon''.(Accessed on 8 August 2016).
*Galupo, Rey.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/01/24/1545750/malabon-councilor-shot-dead “Malabon councilor shot dead”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 9 August 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/sports/01/27/16/filipino-hoops-legend-caloy-loyzaga-passes-away “Filipino hoops legend Caloy Loyzaga passes away”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 9 August 2016).
*Dee, Ignacio.[http://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/basketball/120403-ph-basketball-caloy-loyzaga-dies “PH basketball legend Caloy Loyzaga dies”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 9 August 2016).
*Dela Paz, Chrisee.[http://www.rappler.com/nation/120797-neda-cayetano-paderanga-dies “Ex-NEDA chief Paderanga dies”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 9 August 2016).
*Bermudez, Andrew.[http://newscentral.ph/entertainment-lifestyle/lea-salongas-dad-ex-sbma-chair-feliciano-salonga-passes-away/ “Lea Salonga’s Dad, ex-SBMA chair Feliciano Salonga, passes away”].''NewsCentralPH''.(Accessed on 9 August 2016).
*Sallan, Edwin P.[http://www.interaksyon.com/entertainment/uro-de-la-cruz-bubble-gang-director-and-prolific-screenwriter-passes-away/ “Uro de la Cruz, ‘Bubble Gang’ director and prolific screenwriter, passes away”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 9 August 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/sports/by-sport/other-sports/121746-ciriaco-cacoy-canete-passed-away-eskrima?utm_content=buffer76d95 “Legendary Filipino martial artist Cacoy Cañete passes away”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*Gonzales, Yuji Vincent and Mangunay, Kristine.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/v1/02/08/16/seneres-dies-of-cardiac-arrest “Seneres dies of cardiac arrest”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*Gonzales, Yuji Vincent and Mangunay, Kristine.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/764572/lauro-vizconde-passes-away-vacc “Lauro Vizconde passes away–VACC”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Vincent_Navarro “Vincent Navarro”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*Perez, Arra.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/02/21/journalist-noel-perfecto-dies-67.html “Veteran journalist Noel Perfecto dies at 67”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/556998/news/regions/cebu-board-member-teddy-ouano-succumbs-to-cancer “Cebu Board member Teddy Ouano succumbs to cancer”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Wenn_Deramas “Wenn Deramas”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/metro-manila/03/05/16/former-pasay-mayor-peewee-trinidad-dies “Former Pasay Mayor Peewee Trinidad dies”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*Ganibe, Dexter.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/03/07/16/former-nbi-chief-mantaring-dies “Former NBI chief Mantaring dies”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Francis_Xavier_Pasion “Francis Xavier Pasion”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Jovito_Salonga “Jovito Salonga”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*Dumlao-Abadilla, Doris and Lucas, Daxim.[http://business.inquirer.net/208374/official-family-statement-on-passing-of-andrew-gotianun-sr “Andrew Gotianun Sr., 88”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/03/11/Antonio-Cabangon-Chua-dies.html “Nine Media Corporation chairman Cabangon-Chua passes away”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/lifestyle/03/21/16/abs-cbns-post-edsa-boss-ben-aniceto-passes-away/ “ABS-CBN's post-EDSA boss Ben Aniceto passes away”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://sports.abs-cbn.com/generalsports/news/2016/03/22/psc-founding-chairman-hechanova-passes-away-9943 “PSC founding chairman Hechanova passes away”].''ABSCBN Sports''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*Lucas, Daxim L.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/776738/former-bsp-chief-gabby-singson-dies-at-87 “Former BSP chief Gabby Singson dies at 87”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 10 August 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/nation/politics/elections/2016/127739-mountain-province-governor-mayaen-dies “Mountain Province governor dies of heart attack”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/lifestyle/04/08/16/dzmm-reporter-jun-lingcoran-passes-away/ “DZMM reporter Jun Lingcoran passes away”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/562633/news/regions/isabela-town-vice-mayor-shot-dead-by-suspected-npa-members “Isabela town vice mayor shot dead by suspected NPA members”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://thestandard.com.ph/news/-main-stories/top-stories/203625/standard-founder-rod-reyes-80.html “Standard founder Rod Reyes, 80”].''Manila Standard''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Luis_Katigbak “Luis Katigbak”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*Arguelles, Mar S.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/780598/sorsogon-city-mayoral-bet-dies-of-heart-attack “Sorsogon City mayoral bet dies of heart attack”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/563172/news/regions/former-vice-mayor-from-bulacan-dies-in-ambush “Former vice mayor from Bulacan dies in ambush”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*Parco, Bernadette.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/564160/news/nation/bishop-julio-labayen-dies-he-was-90 “Bishop Julio Labayen dies, he was 90”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Renato_Corona “Renato Corona”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*Del Callar, Michaela.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/564978/news/nation/former-dfa-sec-domingo-siazon-passes-away “Former DFA Sec. Domingo Siazon passes away”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*Zulueta, Lito B.[http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/229011/monuments-builder-ed-castrillo-passes-away-73 “Monuments builder Ed Castrillo passes away; 73”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/06/16/16/zuma-actor-max-laurel-dies-at-71 “'Zuma' actor Max Laurel dies at 71”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*Legaspi, Amita.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/569890/news/nation/bataan-vice-gov-elect-garcia-passes-away “Bataan Vice Gov-elect Garcia passes away”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*De Leon, Dwight.[http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/137362-world-war-filipina-spy-magdalena-leones “WWII Filipina spy dies at 95”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 11 August 2016).
*[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ernesto_M._Maceda “Ernesto Maceda”].''WikiPilipinas''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*Lacson, Nonoy E.[http://www.mb.com.ph/sulu-rep-succumbs-to-liver-cancer/ “Sulu rep. succumbs to liver cancer”].''Manila Bulletin''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*[http://interaksyon.com/article/130031/duterte-attends-wake-of-ex-mmda-chair-francis-tolentinos-father “Duterte attends wake of ex-MMDA chair Francis Tolentino's father”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*[http://sports.abs-cbn.com/basketball/news/2016/07/04/enlarged-heart-cause-death-gilbert-bulawan-13004 “Enlarged heart is the cause of death of Gilbert Bulawan”].''ABSCBN Sports''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*Datu, Dennis.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/07/16/isa-sa-bangkang-papel-boys-pumanaw-na “Isa sa 'Bangkang Papel' boys, pumanaw na”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*Antiporda, Jefferson.[http://www.manilatimes.net/breaking_news/helena-benitez-dies-at-102/ “Former Sen. Helena Benitez dies at 102”].''The Manila Times''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*San Juan, Thelma.[http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/232734/businessman-bon-vivant-bong-daza-passes-away “Businessman, bon vivant Bong Daza passes away”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*Lavares, Donna.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/24/16/negros-mayor-dies-of-heart-attack “Negros mayor dies of heart attack”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/08/04/16/bulag-pipi-at-bingi-composer-snaffu-rigor-dies “'Bulag, Pipi at Bingi' composer Snaffu Rigor dies”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 12 August 2016).
*Visaya, Villamor Jr.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/803557/pamplona-vice-mayor-shot-dead-in-cagayan “Pamplona vice mayor shot dead in Cagayan”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 16 August 2016).
*[http://cnnphilippines.com/metro/2016/04/01/up-diliman-faculty-center-fire.html “Fire breaks out at UP Diliman campus”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 16 August 2016).
*Alvarez, Kathrina Charmaine and Roxas, Joseph Tristan.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/575978/news/nation/leyte-mayor-linked-to-drugs-now-in-bato-s-custody-palace-exec “Leyte mayor linked to drugs now in Bato’s custody —Palace exec”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*Adel, Rosette.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/08/03/1609656/6-alleged-aides-narco-mayor-killed-police-encounter “6 alleged aides of 'narco mayor' killed in police encounter”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*Marcelo, Elizabeth.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/576322/news/nation/joc-joc-bolante-s-plunder-case-still-alive “Joc-Joc Bolante’s plunder case still alive”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*Dioquino, Rose-An Jessica.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/576431/news/nation/sc-grants-political-prisoners-provisional-liberty-for-peace-talks “SC grants political prisoners provisional liberty for peace talks”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/07/rodrigo-duterte-links-150-judges-and-politicians-to-drugs-trade “Rodrigo Duterte links 150 judges and politicians to drugs trade”].''The Guardian''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/807319/habagat-death-toll-rises-to-14 “‘Habagat’ death toll rises to 14”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*Cahiles, Gerg.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/08/12/Blast-kills-10-Para%C3%B1aque-City-Jail.html “Blast kills 10 in Parañaque City Jail”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/08/12/16/tiamzons-silva-granted-bail “Tiamzons, Silva granted bail”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*Valente, Catherine S.[http://www.manilatimes.net/govt-milf-renew-peace-negotiations/279733/ “Govt, MILF renew peace negotiations”].''The Manila Times''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/14/filipinos-protest-ferdinand-marcos-heros-burial “Rally in Philippines contests hero's burial for Ferdinand Marcos”].''the guardian''.(Accessed on 16 September 2016).
*Vargas, Manny.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/577598/news/metro/tornado-hits-manila “Tornado hits Manila”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 19 September 2016).
*Lopez, Virgil.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/577656/news/nation/doj-orders-filing-of-cases-vs-88-milf-biff-members-in-mamasapano-massacre-case “DOJ orders filing of cases vs. 88 MILF, BIFF members in Mamasapano massacre case”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 19 September 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/08/16/16/supreme-court-junks-roxas-poll-protest-vs-binay “Supreme Court junks Roxas poll protest vs Binay”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 20 September 2016).
*Atuelan, Henry.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/08/17/16/indonesian-escapes-from-abu-sayyaf-captors “Indonesian escapes from Abu Sayyaf captors”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 20 September 2016).
*Navallo, Mike.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/business/08/17/16/ex-rcbc-branch-manager-deguito-arrested “Ex-RCBC branch manager Deguito arrested”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 20 September 2016).
*Francisco, Katerina.[http://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/143551-cpp-npa-ndf-peace-talks “FAST FACTS: The CPP-NPA-NDF and the Oslo talks”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 20 September 2016).
*Alvarez, Kathrina Charmaine.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/578448/news/nation/senate-starts-probe-on-drug-suspects-extrajudicial-killings “Senate starts probe on drug suspects’ extrajudicial killings”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 20 September 2016).
*Arcangel, Xianne.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/578590/news/nation/nbn-zte-deal-whistleblower-jun-lozada-found-guilty-of-graft-in-philforest-case “NBN-ZTE deal whistleblower Jun Lozada found guilty of graft in Philforest case”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 20 September 2016).
*Adel, Rosette.[http://www.philstar.com/nation/2016/08/24/1616784/albuera-mayor-espinosas-lawyer-shot-dead-tacloban-city “Albuera Mayor Espinosa’s lawyer shot dead in Tacloban City”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 21 September 2016).
*Maglunsod, Brian.[http://interaksyon.com/article/131706/supreme-court-issues-20-day-status-quo-ante-order-on-marcos-lnmb-burial “WATCH | Supreme Court issues 20-day status quo ante order on Marcos LNMB burial”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 21 September 2016).
*[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/578865/news/nation/duterte-releases-illegal-drug-trade-matrix-at-the-new-bilibid-prison “Duterte releases illegal drug trade matrix at the New Bilibid Prison”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 21 September 2016).
*Dioquino, Rose-An Jessica and Macas, Trisha.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/579061/news/nation/phl-ndf-sign-indefinite-ceasefire-pact “PHL, NDF sign indefinite ceasefire pact”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 21 September 2016).
*Lee-Gorit, Gerry.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/08/29/1618320/inmates-freed-terror-group-raids-lanao-del-sur-jail “Inmates freed as terror group raids Lanao del Sur jail”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 21 September 2016).
*Santos, Elmor P.[http://cnnphilippines.com/regional/2016/08/30/Soldiers-Abu-Sayyaf-killed-in-Sulu.html “Heroes Day clashes: 15 soldiers, at least 4 Abu Sayyaf members killed”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 22 September 2016).
*[http://www.rappler.com/nation/144575-army-soldiers-killed-sulu-abu-sayyaf “15 Army soldiers killed in Abu Sayyaf attack”].''Rappler''.(Accessed on 22 September 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/27/16/ombudsman-carpio-morales-wins-ramon-magsaysay-award “Ombudsman Carpio Morales wins Ramon Magsaysay Award”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 22 September 2016).
*Andolong, Ina and Tesiorna, Ben.[http://cnnphilippines.com/regional/2016/09/03/Blast-night-market-Davao-City.html “At least 14 killed as blast rocks night market in Davao City”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 22 September 2016).
*Felipe, Cecille Suerte.[http://www.philstar.com/metro/2016/09/06/1620870/pnp-launches-new-text-hotline “PNP launches new text hotline”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 22 September 2016).
*Reformina, Ina.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/09/06/16/doj-indicts-suspect-in-quiapo-road-rage “DOJ indicts suspect in Quiapo road rage”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 22 September 2016).
*Aquino, Tricia.[http://interaksyon.com/article/132257/ex-palawan-governor-joel-reyes-accused-in-gerry-ortega-murder-denied-bail “Ex-Palawan governor Joel Reyes, accused in Gerry Ortega murder, denied bail”].''InterAksyon''.(Accessed on 23 September 2016).
*Crisostomo, Shiela.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/10/1622327/smartmatic-cleared-server-script-alteration “Smartmatic cleared in server script alteration”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 22 September 2016).
*Tantiangco, Aya.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/581013/hashtag/official-gazette-draws-flak-for-historical-revisionism-on-marcos-fb-post “Official Gazette draws flak for 'historical revisionism' on Marcos FB post”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 23 September 2016).
*Canlas, Jomar.[http://www.manilatimes.net/ca-stops-release-of-rolito-go/285386/ “CA stops release of Rolito Go”].''The Manila Times''.(Accessed on 23 September 2016).
*Arcangel, Xianne.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/581365/news/nation/sandiganbayan-junks-graft-case-vs-ex-neda-chief-neri “Sandiganbayan junks graft case vs. ex-NEDA chief Neri”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 23 September 2016).
*Perez, Arra.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/09/15/witness-davao-death-squad-duterte.html “Witness: I killed people in Davao City upon orders of Duterte”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 18 October 2016).
*[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/16/1624415/sandiganbayan-dismisses-nbn-zte-graft-case-vs-arroyo “Sandiganbayan dismisses NBN-ZTE graft case vs Arroyo”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 18 October 2016).
*Bartolome, Jessica.[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/581777/news/nation/abu-sayyaf-releases-norwegian-captive “Abu Sayyaf releases Norwegian captive”].''GMA News Online''.(Accessed on 18 October 2016).
*[http://www.sunstar.com.ph/network/local-news/2016/09/17/state-calamity-declared-batanes-498232 “State of calamity declared in Batanes”].''SunStar''.(Accessed on 8 November 2016).
*[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/09/19/16/de-lima-ousted-as-senate-justice-committee-chair “De Lima ousted as Senate justice committee chair”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 28 November 2016).
*Adel, Rosette.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/20/1625665/house-justice-committee-chair-probe-not-about-de-lima “House justice committee chair: Probe not about De Lima”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 28 November 2016).
*Adel, Rosette.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/20/1625674/supreme-court-poe-natural-born-filipino “Supreme Court: Poe a natural-born Filipino”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 28 November 2016).
*Echeminada, Perseus.[http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/09/29/1628576/bilibid-riot-drug-lord-killed-4-others-hurt “Bilibid riot: Drug lord killed, 4 others hurt”].''The Philippine Star''.(Accessed on 29 November 2016).
*Cigaral, Ian Nicolas P.[http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Nation&title=duterte-issues-administrative-order-amid-online-threats-to-media&id=134875 “Duterte issues administrative order amid online threats to media”].''Business World Online''.(Accessed on 8 December 2016).
*[http://www.sunstar.com.ph/network/local-news/2016/10/20/typhoon-lawin-leaves-7-dead-504658 “Typhoon Lawin leaves 7 dead”].''Sun Star''.(Accessed on 9 December 2016).
*Montano, Isabella.[http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/10/19/Militants-police-clash-outside-the-U.S.-Embassy.html1 “Dozens of militants, policemen hurt in clash outside U.S. Embassy”].''CNN Philippines''.(Accessed on 8 December 2016).(Accessed on 9 December 2016).
*Reformina, Ina.[http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/11/08/16/sc-allows-marcos-burial-in-libingan-ng-mga-bayani “SC allows Marcos burial in Libingan ng mga Bayani”].''ABSCBNnews''.(Accessed on 13 December 2016).
*Mangosing, Frances.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/849366/govt-troops-retake-80-percent-of-butig-from-maute-group “Gov’t troops retake 80 percent of Butig from Maute group”].''INQUIRER.net''.(Accessed on 14 December 2016).






{{Wikipilipinas Contents}}
[[Category: Top Ten Lists]]
[[Category: Hot Topics]]

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{{Infobox Broadcast |
call_letters = DWAA-TV|
station_logo = [[File:IBC13.jpg|250px]]|
station_slogan = Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation|
station_branding = ''IBC TV-13 Santiago''|
analog = 13 ([[VHF]])|
digital = |
affiliations = [[Rinconada Broadcasting Corporation]]|
founded = December 16, 2016|
location = [[Santiago (Philippine city)|Santiago City]]|
owner = [[Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation]]|
callsign_meaning = '''AA'''|
effective_radiated_power = (ERP:5 KW)|
}}

'''DWAA-TV''' Channel 13 is a Philippine television network [[Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation]] It's studio and transmitter is located at Barangay Divisoria, [[Santiago (Philippine city)|Santiago City]]

{{IBC Luzon}}
{{Isabela TV}}
[[Category:Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation]]

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If you are looking forward to get some information about the Exams conducted by MPBSE for session 2016-2017, then continue reading this article as here you will come to know about the various information that are hard to get from any other sources.

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{{Infobox Radio station
| name = DZTW
| image =
| city = [[Solano]]
| area = [[Nueva Vizcaya]]
| branding = DZTW
| slogan = DZTW Ngayon Solano
| frequency = 1395 kHz
| airdate = December 17, 2016 (as test broadcast)
| format = Public affairs, talk, religious
| power = 5,000 watts
| erp =
| class = A
| callsign_meaning = '''TW'''
| owner = [[Crusaders Broadcasting System]] (An affiliated by [[Mareco Broadcasting Network]])
}}

'''DZTW''' (1395 kHz [[Solano, Nueva Vizcaya]]) is a upcoming AM station owned by [[Crusaders Broadcasting System]] an affiliated by [[Mareco Broadcasting Network]] in the [[Philippines]] The station's studio and transmitter is located at Maharlika Highway, [[Solano, Nueva Vizcaya]]

{{Nueva Vizcaya Radio}}